yum 软件仓
Yum 仓库的作用是进一步简化 RPM(redhat package manager) 管理软件的难度以及自动分析所需软件包及其依赖关系的技术
搭建并配置 Yum 软件仓库的大致步骤如下(RHEL7.4 版本为例)
实验准备(以下实验都在 VMware 中进行)
1、一台 rhel7.4 主机(已经联网)
2、我这里选择图形化安装
注意:如果你是最小化安装的话,那么请把以下命令中出现的==vim==改为==vi==因为小化安装的 rhel 是不能用 vim 编辑器的,只能用 vi 只有等配好 yum 软件仓库以后 运行:yum install vim -y 自己安装一个
1、挂载光盘镜像
打开虚拟机设置
挂载镜像(此镜像就是光盘镜像)
桌面会出现一个光盘
2、查看
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 19G 0 part
├─rhel-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /
└─rhel-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 10G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 3.8G 0 rom /run/media/root/RHEL-7.4 Server.x86_64 ---这就是已经挂载商店光盘镜像
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3、创建挂载点并写入配置文件
挂载点
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /media/cdrom
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写配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab
/dev/cdrom /media/cdrom iso9660 defaults 0 0 ---添加这一行
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挂载
[root@localhost ~]# mount -a
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
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4、写 yum 仓的配置文件
进入配置目录
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
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写配置文件
注意:文件名称可随意,但后缀必须为.repo,逐项写入下面的配置参数并保存退出(不要写后面的中文注释)
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim rhel7.repo
[rhel] ---Yum软件仓库唯一标识符,避免与其他仓库冲突
name=rhel ---Yum软件仓库的名称描述
baseurl=file:///media/cdrom ---提供的方式包括FTP(ftp://..)、HTTP(http://..)、本地(file:///..)
enable=1 ---设置此源是否可用;1为可用,0为禁用。
gpgcheck=0 ---设置此源是否校验文件;1为校验,0为不校验
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保存退出
5、清除 yum 仓库缓存
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-
: manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Cleaning repos: rhel
Cleaning up everything
Maybe you want: rm -rf /var/cache/yum, to also free up space taken by orphaned data from disabled or removed repos
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6、生成缓存
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-
: manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
rhel | 4.1 kB 00:00
(1/5): rhel/group_gz | 137 kB 00:00
(2/5): rhel/filelists_db | 3.4 MB 00:00
(3/5): rhel/primary_db | 4.0 MB 00:00
(4/5): rhel/other_db | 1.5 MB 00:00
(5/5): rhel/productid | 1.6 kB 00:00
Metadata Cache Created
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7、试验是否安装成功
随便安装一个软件
我这里选择安装 tree
[root@localhost ~]# yum install tree -y
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-
: manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package tree.x86_64 0:1.6.0-10.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
tree x86_64 1.6.0-10.el7 rhel 46 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 46 k
Installed size: 87 k
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
tree.x86_64 0:1.6.0-10.el7
Complete!
[root@localhost ~]#
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以上就是 redhat7.4 配置 yum 软件仓库的办法
同样此方法可用于最小化安装的 redhat
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