设计模式的艺术 第七章原型设计模式练习（在某销售管理系统中设计并实现了一个客户类 Customer，其中包含一个名为客户地址的成员变量，客户地址的类型为 Address。用浅克隆和深克隆分别实现 Customer 对象的复制）
作者：代廉洁
- 2022 年 9 月 06 日 浙江
本文字数：2892 字
阅读完需：约 9 分钟
Sunny 软件公司在某销售管理系统中设计并实现了一个客户类 Customer，其中包含一个名为客户地址的成员变量，客户地址的类型为 Address。用浅克隆和深克隆分别实现 Customer 对象的复制，并比较这两种克隆方式的异同。
一、类结构图
浅克隆：
深克隆：
二、典型实现代码
浅克隆：
具体顾客类：具体原型类
// 具体顾客类：具体原型类public class Customer implements Cloneable { private String name; private Address address;
public Customer(String name) { this.name = name; }
public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }
public String getName() { return this.name; }
public void setAddress(Address address) { this.address = address; }
public Address getAddress() { return address; }
@Override public Customer clone() { Object object = null; try { object = super.clone(); } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) { System.err.println("Not support cloneable"); } return (Customer) object; }}复制代码
具体地址类：具体克隆原型成员类
// 具体地址类：具体克隆原型成员类public class Address { private String province; private String city; private String street;
public String getProvince() { return province; }
public void setProvince(String province) { this.province = province; }
public String getCity() { return city; }
public void setCity(String city) { this.city = city; }
public String getStreet() { return street; }
public void setStreet(String street) { this.street = street; }}复制代码
客户端代码：
public class Client { public static void main(String[] args) { Customer customer; Address address;
customer = new Customer("张无忌"); address = new Address(); address.setProvince("省份一"); address.setCity("城市一"); address.setStreet("街道一"); customer.setAddress(address); System.out.println(customer.getName() + "的地址：" + customer.getAddress().getProvince() + customer.getAddress().getCity() + customer.getAddress().getStreet());
Customer customer2; customer2 = customer.clone(); System.out.println(customer2.getName() + "的地址：" + customer2.getAddress().getProvince() + customer2.getAddress().getCity() + customer2.getAddress().getStreet()); }}复制代码
编译并运行程序，输出如下结果：
张无忌的地址：省份一城市一街道一张无忌的地址：省份一城市一街道一复制代码
深克隆：
抽象顾客原型类：抽象原型类
// 抽象顾客原型类：抽象原型类public abstract class CustomerPrototype implements Serializable { public abstract CustomerPrototype deepClone();}复制代码
具体顾客类：具体原型类
// 具体顾客类：具体原型类public class ConcreteCustomer extends CustomerPrototype { private String name; private CustomerAddress customerAddress;
public ConcreteCustomer(String name) { this.name = name; }
public String getName() { return name; }
public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }
public CustomerAddress getCustomerAddress() { return customerAddress; }
public void setCustomerAddress(CustomerAddress customerAddress) { this.customerAddress = customerAddress; }
@Override public CustomerPrototype deepClone() { ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); try { ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(baos); oos.writeObject(this);
ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(baos.toByteArray()); ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bais); try { return (CustomerPrototype) ois.readObject(); } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { return null; } } catch (IOException e) { return null; } }}复制代码
具体地址类：具体克隆原型成员类
// 具体地址类：具体克隆原型成员类public class CustomerAddress implements Serializable { private String province; private String city; private String street;
public String getProvince() { return province; }
public void setProvince(String province) { this.province = province; }
public String getCity() { return city; }
public void setCity(String city) { this.city = city; }
public String getStreet() { return street; }
public void setStreet(String street) { this.street = street; }}复制代码
客户端代码：
public class Client { public static void main(String[] args) { ConcreteCustomer concreteCustomer; CustomerAddress customerAddress;
customerAddress = new CustomerAddress(); customerAddress.setProvince("省份二"); customerAddress.setCity("城市二"); customerAddress.setStreet("街道二"); concreteCustomer = new ConcreteCustomer("张无忌"); concreteCustomer.setCustomerAddress(customerAddress); System.out.println(concreteCustomer.getName() + "的地址：" + concreteCustomer.getCustomerAddress().getProvince() + concreteCustomer.getCustomerAddress().getCity() + concreteCustomer.getCustomerAddress().getStreet());
ConcreteCustomer concreteCustomer2 = (ConcreteCustomer)concreteCustomer.deepClone(); System.out.println(concreteCustomer2.getName() + "的地址：" + concreteCustomer2.getCustomerAddress().getProvince() + concreteCustomer2.getCustomerAddress().getCity() + concreteCustomer2.getCustomerAddress().getStreet()); }}复制代码
编译并运行程序，输出如下结果：
张无忌的地址：省份二城市二街道二张无忌的地址：省份二城市二街道二复制代码
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版权声明: 本文为 InfoQ 作者【代廉洁】的原创文章。
原文链接:【http://xie.infoq.cn/article/f5902646fbe0ab59fc1c6b1b7】。文章转载请联系作者。
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