1 安装
1.1 下载 mysql 离线安装包并上传至服务器
mysql-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
下载地址：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
1.2 删除原有的 mariadb
先查看一下是否已经安装了，命令：rpm -qa|grep mariadb
[root@node03 ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadbmariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
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删除 mariadb，命令：rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs
1.3 解压缩 mysql 离线安装包
cd /opt
tar -xvf mysql-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@node03 mysql]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar mysql-community-client-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-common-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-devel-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-embedded-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-libs-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-server-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-test-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
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1.4 安装 rpm 包
逐个安装，命令如下：
【必须安装】
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
【非必须安装】
rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-test-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
2 服务启停
2.1 查看服务状态
命令：systemctl status mysqld
[root@node03 mysql]# systemctl status mysqld● mysqld.service - MySQL Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: inactive (dead) Docs: man:mysqld(8) http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
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2.2 停止服务
2.3 初始化数据库
mysqld --initialize --console
2.4 目录授权
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/
2.5 启动 mysql 服务
systemctl start mysqld
systemctl status mysqld
[root@node03 mysql]# systemctl status mysqld● mysqld.service - MySQL Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Sun 2021-11-28 04:52:39 EST; 5s ago Docs: man:mysqld(8) http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html Process: 8019 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 8002 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 8022 (mysqld) CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service └─8022 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
Nov 28 04:52:38 node03 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...Nov 28 04:52:39 node03 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
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3 数据库操作
3.1 查看临时密码
cat /var/log/mysqld.log|grep password
[root@node03 mysql]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log|grep password2021-11-28T09:52:23.709534Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: %NuH-foVC7u=
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3.2 用临时密码登录数据库
mysql -u root -p 回车键
然后输入临时密码（输入时不会显示出来，输入完直接回车）
[root@node03 mysql]# mysql -u root -pEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 2Server version: 5.7.35
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
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3.3 修改 mysql 密码
alter USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
3.4 授权远程连接
use mysql;
update user set host = "%" where user='root';
flush privileges;
尝试使用 SQLyog 远程连接，会出现如下错误：错误号码 1251 Client does not support authentication protocol requested by server;consider upgrading MySQL client
解决办法：把 mysql 用户登录密码加密规则还原成 mysql_native_password。
use mysql;
alter USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
flush privileges;
再次使用 SQLyog 连接 mysql，测试成功。
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