Java 线程池原理分析，一举拿下腾讯美团滴滴 offer

`+----ThreadPoolExecutor.Worker.java Worker(Runnable firstTask) {
    setState(-1);
    this.firstTask = firstTask;
    // 调用线程工厂创建线程
    this.thread = getThreadFactory().newThread(this);
}


// Worker 实现了 Runnable 接口
public void run() {
    runWorker(this);
}


+----ThreadPoolExecutor.java final void runWorker(Worker w) {
    Thread wt = Thread.currentThread();
    Runnable task = w.firstTask;
    w.firstTask = null;
    w.unlock();
    boolean completedAbruptly = true;
    try {
        // 循环从任务队列中获取新任务
        while (task != null || (task = getTask()) != null) {
            w.lock();
            // If pool is stopping, ensure thread is interrupted;
            // if not, ensure thread is not interrupted.  This
            // requires a recheck in second case to deal with
            // shutdownNow race while clearing interrupt
            if ((runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP) ||
                 (Thread.interrupted() &&
                  runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP))) &&
                !wt.isInterrupted())
                wt.interrupt();
            try {
                beforeExecute(wt, task);
                Throwable thrown = null;
                try {
                    // 执行新任务
                    task.run();
                } catch (RuntimeException x) {
                    thrown = x; throw x;
                } catch (Error x) {
                    thrown = x; throw x;
                } catch (Throwable x) {
                    thrown = x; throw new Error(x);
                } finally {
                    afterExecute(task, thrown);
                }
            } finally {
                task = null;
                w.completedTasks++;
                w.unlock();
            }
        }
        completedAbruptly = false;
    } finally {
        // 线程退出后，进行后续处理
        processWorkerExit(w, completedAbruptly);
    }
}`

`+---- AbstractExecutorService.java
public Future<?> submit(Runnable task) {
    if (task == null) throw new NullPointerException();
    // 创建任务
    RunnableFuture<Void> ftask = newTaskFor(task, null);
    // 提交任务
    execute(ftask);
    return ftask;
}


+---- ThreadPoolExecutor.java public void execute(Runnable command) {
    if (command == null)
        throw new NullPointerException();


    int c = ctl.get();
    // 如果工作线程数量 < 核心线程数，则创建新线程
    if (workerCountOf(c) < corePoolSize) {
        // 添加工作者对象
        if (addWorker(command, true))
            return;
        c = ctl.get();
    }
    
    // 缓存任务，如果队列已满，则 offer 方法返回 false。否则，offer 返回 true
    if (isRunning(c) && workQueue.offer(command)) {
        int recheck = ctl.get();
        if (! isRunning(recheck) && remove(command))
            reject(command);
        else if (workerCountOf(recheck) == 0)
            addWorker(null, false);
    }
    
    // 添加工作者对象，并在 addWorker 方法中检测线程数是否小于最大线程数
    else if (!addWorker(command, false))
        // 线程数 >= 最大线程数，使用拒绝策略处理任务
        reject(command);
}


private boolean addWorker(Runnable firstTask, boolean core) {
    retry:
    for (;;) {
        int c = ctl.get();
        int rs = runStateOf(c);


        // Check if queue empty only if necessary.
        if (rs >= SHUTDOWN &&
            ! (rs == SHUTDOWN &&
               firstTask == null &&
               ! workQueue.isEmpty()))
            return false;


        for (;;) {
            int wc = workerCountOf(c);
            // 检测工作线程数与核心线程数或最大线程数的关系
            if (wc >= CAPACITY ||
                wc >= (core ? corePoolSize : maximumPoolSize))
                return false;
            if (compareAndIncrementWorkerCount(c))
                break retry;
            c = ctl.get();  // Re-read ctl
            if (runStateOf(c) != rs)
                continue retry;
            // else CAS failed due to workerCount change; retry inner loop
        }
    }


    boolean workerStarted = false;
    boolean workerAdded = false;
    Worker w = null;
    try {
        // 创建工作者对象，细节参考上一节所贴代码
        w = new Worker(firstTask);
        final Thread t = w.thread;
        if (t != null) {
            final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock;
            mainLock.lock();
            try {
                int rs = runStateOf(ctl.get());
                if (rs < SHUTDOWN ||
                    (rs == SHUTDOWN && firstTask == null)) {
                    if (t.isAlive()) // precheck that t is startable
                        throw new IllegalThreadStateException();
                    // 将 worker 对象添加到 workers 集合中
                    workers.add(w);
                    int s = workers.size();
                    // 更新 largestPoolSize 属性
                    if (s > largestPoolSize)
                        largestPoolSize = s;
                    workerAdded = true;
                }
            } finally {
                mainLock.unlock();
            }
            if (workerAdded) {
                // 开始执行任务
                t.start();
                workerStarted = true;
            }
        }
    } finally {
        if (! workerStarted)
            addWorkerFailed(w);
    }
    return workerStarted;
}`