HttpClient 工具类
6.2 编写 spring-boot 启动类
/**
Description: springboot 启动类
@author JourWon
@date Created on 2018 年 4 月 19 日
*/
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
6.3 编写 get 和 post 请求测试 controller
/**
Description: get 和 post 请求测试 controller
@author JourWon
@date Created on 2018 年 4 月 19 日
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class HelloWorldController {
@GetMapping("/get")
public String get() throws InterruptedException {
return "get 无参请求成功";
}
@GetMapping("/getWithParam")
public String getWithParam(@RequestParam String message) {
return "get 带参请求成功,参数 message: " + message;
}
@PostMapping("/post")
public String post(@RequestHeader("User-Agent") String userAgent,
@RequestHeader("Accept") String accept,
@RequestHeader("Accept-Language") String acceptLanguage,
@RequestHeader("Accept-Encoding") String acceptEncoding,
@RequestHeader("Cookie") String cookie,
@RequestHeader("Connection") String conn) {
// 打印请求头信息
System.out.println("Cookie = " + cookie);
System.out.println("Connection = " + conn);
System.out.println("Accept = " + accept);
System.out.println("Accept-Language = " + acceptLanguage);
System.out.println("Accept-Encoding = " + acceptEncoding);
System.out.println("User-Agent = " + userAgent);
return "post 无参请求成功";
}
@PostMapping("/postWithParam")
public String postWithParam(@RequestParam String code, @RequestParam String message) {
return "post 带参请求成功,参数 code: " + code + ",参数 message: " + message;
}
}
6.4 创建 httpClient 响应结果对象
/**
Description: 封装 httpClient 响应结果
@author JourWon
@date Created on 2018 年 4 月 19 日
*/
public class HttpClientResult implements Serializable {
/**
响应状态码
*/
private int code;
/**
响应数据
*/
private String content;
}
6.5 重点，编写 httpclient 工具类
/**
Description: httpClient 工具类
@author JourWon
@date Created on 2018 年 4 月 19 日
*/
public class HttpClientUtils {
// 编码格式。发送编码格式统一用 UTF-8
private static final String ENCODING = "UTF-8";
// 设置连接超时时间，单位毫秒。
private static final int CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 6000;
// 请求获取数据的超时时间(即响应时间)，单位毫秒。
private static final int SOCKET_TIMEOUT = 6000;
/**
发送 get 请求；不带请求头和请求参数
@param url 请求地址
@return
@throws Exception
*/
public static HttpClientResult doGet(String url) throws Exception {
return doGet(url, null, null);
}
/**
发送 get 请求；带请求参数
@param url 请求地址
@param params 请求参数集合
@return
@throws Exception
*/
public static HttpClientResult doGet(String url, Map<String, String> params) throws Exception {
return doGet(url, null, params);
}
/**
发送 get 请求；带请求头和请求参数
@param url 请求地址
@param headers 请求头集合
@param params 请求参数集合
@return
@throws Exception
*/
public static HttpClientResult doGet(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Map<String, String> params) throws Exception {
// 创建 httpClient 对象
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
// 创建访问的地址
URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(url);
if (params != null) {
Set<Entry<String, String>> entrySet = params.entrySet();
for (Entry<String, String> entry : entrySet) {
uriBuilder.setParameter(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
}
// 创建 http 对象
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uriBuilder.build());
/**
setConnectTimeout：设置连接超时时间，单位毫秒。
setConnectionRequestTimeout：设置从 connect Manager(连接池)获取 Connection
超时时间，单位毫秒。这个属性是新加的属性，因为目前版本是可以共享连接池的。
setSocketTimeout：请求获取数据的超时时间(即响应时间)，单位毫秒。 如果访问一个接口，多少时间内无法返回数据，就直接放弃此次调用。
*/
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(CONNECT_TIMEOUT).setSocketTimeout(SOCKET_TIMEOUT).build();
httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);
// 设置请求头
packageHeader(headers, httpGet);
// 创建 httpResponse 对象
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
try {
// 执行请求并获得响应结果
return getHttpClientResult(httpResponse, httpClient, httpGet);
} finally {
// 释放资源
release(httpResponse, httpClient);
}
}
/**
发送 post 请求；不带请求头和请求参数
@param url 请求地址
@return
@throws Exception
*/
public static HttpClientResult doPost(String url) throws Exception {
return doPost(url, null, null);
}
/**
发送 post 请求；带请求参数
@param url 请求地址
@param params 参数集合
@return
@throws Exception
*/
public static HttpClientResult doPost(String url, Map<String, String> params) throws Exception {
return doPost(url, null, params);
}
/**
发送 post 请求；带请求头和请求参数
@param url 请求地址
@param headers 请求头集合
@param params 请求参数集合
@return
@throws Exception
*/
public static HttpClientResult doPost(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Map<String, String> params) throws Exception {
// 创建 httpClient 对象
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
// 创建 http 对象
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
/**
setConnectTimeout：设置连接超时时间，单位毫秒。
setConnectionRequestTimeout：设置从 connect Manager(连接池)获取 Connection
超时时间，单位毫秒。这个属性是新加的属性，因为目前版本是可以共享连接池的。
setSocketTimeout：请求获取数据的超时时间(即响应时间)，单位毫秒。 如果访问一个接口，多少时间内无法返回数据，就直接放弃此次调用。
*/
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(CONNECT_TIMEOUT).setSocketTimeout(SOCKET_TIMEOUT).build();
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
// 设置请求头
/*httpPost.setHeader("Cookie", "");
httpPost.setHeader("Connection", "keep-alive");
httpPost.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");
httpPost.setHeader("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9");
httpPost.setHeader("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate, br");
httpPost.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36");*/
packageHeader(headers, httpPost);
// 封装请求参数
packageParam(params, httpPost);
// 创建 httpResponse 对象
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
try {
// 执行请求并获得响应结果
return getHttpClientResult(httpResponse, httpClient, httpPost);
} finally {
// 释放资源
release(httpResponse, httpClient);
}
}
/**
发送 put 请求；不带请求参数
@param url 请求地址
@param params 参数集合
@return
@throws Exception
*/
public static HttpClientResult doPut(String url) throws Exception {
return doPut(url);
}
/**
发送 put 请求；带请求参数
@param url 请求地址
@param params 参数集合
@return
@throws Exception
*/
public static HttpClientResult doPut(String url, Map<String, String> params) throws Exception {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPut httpPut = new HttpPut(url);
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(CONNECT_TIMEOUT).setSocketTimeout(SOCKET_TIMEOUT).build();
httpPut.s
etConfig(requestConfig);
packageParam(params, httpPut);
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
try {
return getHttpClientResult(httpResponse, httpClient, httpPut);
} finally {
release(httpResponse, httpClient);
}
}
/**
发送 delete 请求；不带请求参数
@param url 请求地址
@param params 参数集合
@return
@throws Exception
*/
public static HttpClientResult doDelete(String url) throws Exception {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpDelete httpDelete = new HttpDelete(url);
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(CONNECT_TIMEOUT).setSocketTimeout(SOCKET_TIMEOUT).build();
httpDelete.setConfig(requestConfig);
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
try {
return getHttpClientResult(httpResponse, httpClient, httpDelete);
} finally {
release(httpResponse, httpClient);
}
}
/**
发送 delete 请求；带请求参数
@param url 请求地址
@param params 参数集合
@return
@throws Exception
*/
public static HttpClientResult doDelete(String url, Map<String, String> params) throws Exception {
if (params == null) {
params = new HashMap<String, String>();
}
params.put("_method", "delete");
return doPost(url, params);
}
/**
Description: 封装请求头
@param params
@param httpMethod
*/
public static void packageHeader(Map<String, String> params, HttpRequestBase httpMethod) {
// 封装请求头
if (params != null) {
Set<Entry<String, String>> entrySet = params.entrySet();
for (Entry<String, String> entry : entrySet) {
// 设置到请求头到 HttpRequestBase 对象中
httpMethod.setHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
}
}
/**
Description: 封装请求参数
@param params
@param httpMethod
@throws UnsupportedEncodingException
*/
public static void packageParam(Map<String, String> params, HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase httpMethod)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
// 封装请求参数
if (params != null) {
List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
Set<Entry<String, String>> entrySet = params.entrySet();
for (Entry<String, String> entry : entrySet) {
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
}
// 设置到请求的 http 对象中
httpMethod.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, ENCODING));
}
}
/**
Description: 获得响应结果
@param httpResponse
@param httpClient
@param httpMethod
@return
@throws Exception
*/
public static HttpClientResult getHttpClientResult(CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse,
CloseableHttpClient httpClient, HttpRequestBase httpMethod) throws Exception {
// 执行请求
httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpMethod);
// 获取返回结果
if (httpResponse != null && httpResponse.getStatusLine() != null) {
String content = "";
if (httpResponse.getEntity() != null) {
content = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity(), ENCODING);
}
return new HttpClientResult(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(), content);
}
return new HttpClientResult(HttpStatus.SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
}
/**
Description: 释放资源
@param httpResponse
@param httpClient
@throws IOException
*/
public static void release(CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse, CloseableHttpClient httpClient) throws IOException {
// 释放资源
if (httpResponse != null) {
httpResponse.close();
}
if (httpClient != null) {
httpClient.close();
}
}
}
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