1. 下载二进制安装包
https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
下载地址：
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
下载解压
wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tartar -xvf mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar# 解压出来之后还有一个test的包，那个暂时先不管tar -xvf mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gzmv mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/cd /usr/local/ln -sv mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
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添加 PATH 路径
# vim /etc/profileexport MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysqlexport PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin
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配置生效与检查
source /etc/profilemysql --version
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安装一些依赖包
yum -y remove mariadb*yum -y install autoconf gcc glibc make openssl openssl-devel perl-JSON.noarch
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添加 mysql 用户
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysqlid mysql
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创建数据目录
mkdir /home/my3306chown -R mysql.mysql /home/my3306
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2. mysql 初始化与服务配置
mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/home/my3306/ --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
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注意初始化密码
配置 mysql 服务，使用 systemctl 管理
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld-3306.service
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内容如下：
[Unit]Description=MySQL Server 3306Documentation=man:mysqld(8)Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.htmlAfter=network.targetAfter=syslog.target[Install]WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]User=mysqlGroup=mysql
# Disable service start and stop timeout logic of systemd for mysqld service.TimeoutSec=0# Execute pre and post scripts as rootPermissionsStartOnly=true
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/mysql-3306.cnfLimitNOFILE = 5000
Restart=on-failureRestartPreventExitStatus=1
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配置文件/etc/mysql-3306.cnf 内容如下：
[mysqld]
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 5000M
server_id=106#log_slave_updates=1
port = 3306datadir=/home/my3306socket=/home/my3306/mysql.socklog-error=/home/my3306/mysqld.logpid-file=/home/my3306/mysqld.pidlog_bin=mysql-201-3306-binlog
# gtid最好是开启gtid_mode=ONenforce-gtid-consistency=ON
max_connections=2048slow_query_log=ON
binlog_format=rowskip-name-resolve
log-slave-updates=1relay_log_purge=0back_log=128wait_timeout=60interactive_timeout=7200key_buffer_size=16M#query_cache_size=64M#query_cache_type=1#query_cache_limit=50Mmax_connect_errors=20sort_buffer_size=2Mmax_allowed_packet=32Mjoin_buffer_size=2Mthread_cache_size=200innodb_buffer_pool_size=1024Minnodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1innodb_log_buffer_size=32Minnodb_log_file_size=128Minnodb_log_files_in_group=3binlog_cache_size=2Mmax_binlog_cache_size=8Mmax_binlog_size=512Mexpire_logs_days=7read_buffer_size=2Mread_rnd_buffer_size=2M
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使用 systemctl 管理服务
systemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl enable mysqld-3306.servicesystemctl start mysqld-3306.servicesystemctl stop mysqld-3306.servicesystemctl restart mysqld-3306.service
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3. 添加用户
mysql 服务启动后，登录，默认密码是初始化的时候生成的那个密码
mysql -uroot -S /home/my3306/mysql.sock -p# 需要先修改root用户的默认密码才能执行后面的所有操作mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Root@1234';
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新用户授权
use mysql;create user user01@'172.16.0.%' identified by 'Root@1234';grant all privileges on *.* to user01@'172.16.0.%' with grant option;# 或者是grant all privileges on *.* to 'user02'@'172.16.0.%' identified by 'Root@1234' with grant option;grant all privileges on test.* to 'user03'@'172.16.0.%' identified by 'Root@1234' with grant option;grant select on test.* to 'user04'@'172.16.0.%' identified by 'Root@1234' with grant option;
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根据需要进行授权即可
注意：mysql 5.7 默认的密码认证加密插件还是 mysql_native_password。
4. 其他问题
使用二进制代码安装，相对于 rpm 包安装服务配置要麻烦一些，不过单机多实例配置也相对灵活。可以在一个主机上设置多个不同版本的 mysql，只要在服务启动命令上做一些修改即可。
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