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Flutter 详解 CupertinoSegmentedControl 分段控制器

作者:阿策小和尚
  • 2021 年 12 月 09 日
  • 本文字数:3065 字

    阅读完需:约 10 分钟

Flutter 详解 CupertinoSegmentedControl 分段控制器

    小菜在之前尝试过 ToggleButtons 按钮切换容器组,小菜了解到类似的 iOS 风格的 CupertinoSegmentedControl 分段控制器;在日常应用中使用频率较高,今天小菜简单学习一下;

CupertinoSegmentedControl

源码分析

CupertinoSegmentedControl({    Key key,    @required this.children,    @required this.onValueChanged,  // 状态变更回调    this.groupValue,            // 当前状态    this.unselectedColor,       // 未选中区域颜色    this.selectedColor,         // 选中区域颜色    this.borderColor,           // 边框颜色    this.pressedColor,          // 点击时颜色    this.padding,               // 内边距})
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    简单分析源码可得,整个 CupertinoSegmentedControl 控制器属性很清晰,使用起来也非常简单;


const EdgeInsetsGeometry _kHorizontalItemPadding = EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 16.0);
const double _kMinSegmentedControlHeight = 28.0;
const Duration _kFadeDuration = Duration(milliseconds: 165);
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    通过常量可以了解到控制器设置的默认边距值,最小高度以及点击时颜色切换时长;其中通过 ColorTween 动画方式进行背景色切换;


class _SegmentedControlContainerBoxParentData extends ContainerBoxParentData<RenderBox> {  RRect surroundingRect;}
RRect rChildRect;if (child == leftChild) { rChildRect = RRect.fromRectAndCorners(childRect, topLeft: const Radius.circular(3.0), bottomLeft: const Radius.circular(3.0));} else if (child == rightChild) { rChildRect = RRect.fromRectAndCorners(childRect, topRight: const Radius.circular(3.0), bottomRight: const Radius.circular(3.0));} else { rChildRect = RRect.fromRectAndCorners(childRect);}
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    边框的绘制继承了 ContainerBoxParentData,需要设置 Widget 的最大最小宽高;通过 RRect 双层圆角矩形绘制边框,小菜还学习了之前未尝试过的 fromRectAndCorners 绘制部分圆角方式;    其中多个 Widget 之间的点击切换 GestureDetector 使用也非常值得学习;

案例尝试

    小菜先实现一个基本的分段控制器,然后逐步加入各个属性进行了解;

1. children & onValueChanged

    childrenonValueChanged 是两个必备属性,分别对应子 Widget 数组和状态变更回调的监听;onValueChanged 不可为空;    其中 childrenLinkedHashMap 类型,每个 key-value 均不可为空;且如果 key 相同,后面的 key-value 对会覆盖之前重复 keykey-value 对;keyT 范型类型,并未限制具体的类型;children 长度需 >=2


var mixMap = {  '飞机': Padding(padding: EdgeInsets.symmetric(vertical: 10.0), child: Icon(Icons.airplanemode_active)),  '公交': Padding(padding: EdgeInsets.symmetric(vertical: 10.0), child: Icon(Icons.directions_bus)),  '骑行': Padding(padding: EdgeInsets.symmetric(vertical: 10.0), child: Icon(Icons.directions_bike))};var _currentIndexStr = '飞机';
_segmentedWid01() => Container( child: CupertinoSegmentedControl( children: mixMap, onValueChanged: (index) { print('index -> $index'); setState(() => _currentIndexStr = index); }));
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2. groupValue

    groupValue 对应当前选中的状态,若不设置该属性,在控制器切换过程中只可以监听到回调方法,而不会实际进行变更;


_segmentedWid02() => Container(    child: CupertinoSegmentedControl(        children: mixMap,        onValueChanged: (index) {          print('index -> $index');          setState(() => _currentIndexStr = index);        },        groupValue: _currentIndexStr));
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3. unselectedColor

    unselectedColor 对应未选中切换区域背景色,默认是 CupertinoTheme.primaryContrastingColor


_segmentedWid03() => Container(    child: CupertinoSegmentedControl(        children: mixMap,        onValueChanged: (index) {          print('index -> $index');          setState(() => _currentIndexStr = index);        },        groupValue: _currentIndexStr,        unselectedColor: Colors.black.withOpacity(0.2)));
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4. selectedColor

    selectedColor 对应选中切换区域背景色,默认是 CupertinoTheme.primaryColor


_segmentedWid04() => Container(    child: CupertinoSegmentedControl(        children: mixMap,        onValueChanged: (index) {          print('index -> $index');          setState(() => _currentIndexStr = index);        },        groupValue: _currentIndexStr,        unselectedColor: Colors.black.withOpacity(0.2),        selectedColor: Colors.deepOrange.withOpacity(0.4)));
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5. borderColor

    borderColor 对应边框色,默认是 CupertinoTheme.primaryColor


_segmentedWid05() => Container(    child: CupertinoSegmentedControl(        children: mixMap,        onValueChanged: (index) {          print('index -> $index');          setState(() => _currentIndexStr = index);        },        groupValue: _currentIndexStr,        unselectedColor: Colors.black.withOpacity(0.2),        selectedColor: Colors.deepOrange.withOpacity(0.4),        borderColor: Colors.deepPurple));
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6. pressedColor

    pressedColor 对点击选中时背景色,默认是 selectedColor 颜色加 20% 透明度;


_segmentedWid06() => Container(    child: CupertinoSegmentedControl(        children: mixMap,        onValueChanged: (index) {          print('index -> $index');          setState(() => _currentIndexStr = index);        },        groupValue: _currentIndexStr,        unselectedColor: Colors.black.withOpacity(0.2),        selectedColor: Colors.deepOrange.withOpacity(0.4),        borderColor: Colors.deepPurple,        pressedColor: Colors.green.withOpacity(0.4)));
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7. padding

    padding 对应 CupertinoSegmentedControl 内边距,注意该 padding 是整个控制器的内边距,而非子 Widget 的内边距,默认是居于水平方向,左右 16 距离;


_segmentedWid07() => Container(    child: CupertinoSegmentedControl(        children: mixMap,        onValueChanged: (index) {          print('index -> $index');          setState(() => _currentIndexStr = index);        },        groupValue: _currentIndexStr,        unselectedColor: Colors.black.withOpacity(0.2),        selectedColor: Colors.deepOrange.withOpacity(0.4),        borderColor: Colors.deepPurple,        pressedColor: Colors.green.withOpacity(0.4),        padding: EdgeInsets.all(30.0)));
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    CupertinoSegmentedControl 案例源码


    CupertinoSegmentedControliOS 设备上支持点击和滑动切换,但小菜尝试在 Android 端主要是点击切换;小菜对于源码的阅读还很浅薄,如有错误,请多多指导!

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来源: 阿策小和尚

发布于: 18 小时前阅读数: 16
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Flutter 详解 CupertinoSegmentedControl 分段控制器