SpringBoot + Vue 开发前后端分离的旅游管理系统,unixlinux 编程实践教程
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
application.properties:
server.port=8989
spring.application.name=travels
spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/travels?characterEncoding=UTF-8
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=1234
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:com/yusael/travels/mapper/*.xml
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.yusael.travels.entity
logging.level.root=info
logging.level.com.yusael.travels.dao=debug
上传的图片存放的路径
upload.dir=D:/CodePro/IdeaPro/SpringBoot/travels/images
spring.resources.static-locations=file:${upload.dir}
=========================================================================================
代码中经常遇到这种写法:
<a href="javascript:;" @click="deleteProvince(province.id)">删除省份</a>
其中的 href="javascript:;"
是什么意思呢?
javascript:
表示在触发默认动作时,执行一段 JavaScript 代码;javascript:;
表示什么都不执行,这样点击时就没有任何反应,相当于去掉 a 标签的默认行为。
============================================================================================
select
中 通过 v-model
绑定当前的选项,option
中使用 v-for
遍历显示所有选项。
<label>
<div class="label-text">所属省份:</div>
<select v-model="place.provinceid">
<option v-for="(pro,index) in provinces" :value="pro.id" v-text="pro.name"></option>
</select>
</label>
============================================================================
if (confirm("确定要删除景点吗?")) {
// code....
}
=================================================================================
对于这么一个 a 标签,我们要在另一个页面获取这个 url 的参数 id:
<a :href="'./updateprovince.html?id=' + province.id">修改省份</a>
可以通过 location.href
获取 url 再进行截取:
var id = location.href.substring(location.href.indexOf("=") + 1);
================================================================================
验证码工具类:
package com.yusael.travels.utils;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
public class CreateImageCode {
// 图片的宽度。
private int width = 160;
// 图片的高度。
private int height = 40;
// 验证码字符个数
private int codeCount = 4;
// 验证码干扰线数
private int lineCount = 20;
// 验证码
private String code = null;
// 验证码图片 Buffer
private BufferedImage buffImg = null;
Random random = new Random();
public CreateImageCode() {
creatImage();
}
public CreateImageCode(int width, int height) {
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
creatImage();
}
public CreateImageCode(int width, int height, int codeCount) {
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
this.codeCount = codeCount;
creatImage();
}
public CreateImageCode(int width, int height, int codeCount, int lineCount) {
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
this.codeCount = codeCount;
this.lineCount = lineCount;
creatImage();
}
// 生成图片
private void creatImage() {
int fontWidth = width / codeCount;// 字体的宽度
int fontHeight = height - 5;// 字体的高度
int codeY = height - 8;
// 图像 buffer
buffImg = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics g = buffImg.getGraphics();
//Graphics2D g = buffImg.createGraphics();
// 设置背景色
g.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
// 设置字体
//Font font1 = getFont(fontHeight);
Font font = new Font("Fixedsys", Font.BOLD, fontHeight);
g.setFont(font);
// 设置干扰线
for (int i = 0; i < lineCount; i++) {
int xs = random.nextInt(width);
int ys = random.nextInt(height);
int xe = xs + random.nextInt(width);
int ye = ys + random.nextInt(height);
g.setColor(getRandColor(1, 255));
g.drawLine(xs, ys, xe, ye);
}
// 添加噪点
float yawpRate = 0.01f;// 噪声率
int area = (int) (yawpRate * width * height);
for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {
int x = random.nextInt(width);
int y = random.nextInt(height);
buffImg.setRGB(x, y, random.nextInt(255));
}
String str1 = randomStr(codeCount);// 得到随机字符
this.code = str1;
for (int i = 0; i < codeCount; i++) {
String strRand = str1.substring(i, i + 1);
g.setColor(getRandColor(1, 255));
// g.drawString(a,x,y);
// a 为要画出来的东西,x 和 y 表示要画的东西最左侧字符的基线位于此图形上下文坐标系的 (x, y) 位置处
g.drawString(strRand, i*fontWidth+3, codeY);
}
}
// 得到随机字符
private String randomStr(int n) {
String str1 = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890";
String str2 = "";
int len = str1.length() - 1;
double r;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
r = (Math.random()) * len;
str2 = str2 + str1.charAt((int) r);
}
return str2;
}
// 得到随机颜色
private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {// 给定范围获得随机颜色
if (fc > 255)
fc = 255;
if (bc > 255)
bc = 255;
int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
return new Color(r, g, b);
}
/**
产生随机字体
*/
private Font getFont(int size) {
Random random = new Random();
Font font[] = new Font[5];
font[0] = new Font("Ravie", Font.PLAIN, size);
font[1] = new Font("Antique Olive Compact", Font.PLAIN, size);
font[2] = new Font("Fixedsys", Font.PLAIN, size);
font[3] = new Font("Wide Latin", Font.PLAIN, size);
font[4] = new Font("Gill Sans Ultra Bold", Font.PLAIN, size);
return font[random.nextInt(5)];
}
// 扭曲方法
private void shear(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
shearX(g, w1, h1, color);
shearY(g, w1, h1, color);
}
private void shearX(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
int period = random.nextInt(2);
boolean borderGap = true;
int frames = 1;
int phase = random.nextInt(2);
for (int i = 0; i < h1; i++) {
double d = (double) (period >> 1)
Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
(6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
/ (double) frames);
g.copyArea(0, i, w1, 1, (int) d, 0);
if (borderGap) {
g.setColor(color);
g.drawLine((int) d, i, 0, i);
g.drawLine((int) d + w1, i, w1, i);
}
}
}
private void shearY(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
int period = random.nextInt(40) + 10; // 50;
boolean borderGap = true;
int frames = 20;
int phase = 7;
for (int i = 0; i < w1; i++) {
double d = (double) (period >> 1)
Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
(6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
/ (double) frames);
g.copyArea(i, 0, 1, h1, 0, (int) d);
if (borderGap) {
g.setColor(color);
g.drawLine(i, (int) d, i, 0);
g.drawLine(i, (int) d + h1, i, h1);
}
}
}
public void write(OutputStream sos) throws IOException {
ImageIO.write(buffImg, "png", sos);
sos.close();
}
public BufferedImage getBuffImg() {
return buffImg;
}
public String getCode() {
return code.toLowerCase();
}
//使用方法
/*public void getCode3(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse response,HttpSession session) throws IOException{
// 设置响应的类型格式为图片格式
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
//禁止图像缓存。
response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
CreateImageCode vCode = new CreateImageCode(100,30,5,10);
session.setAttribute("code", vCode.getCode());
vCode.write(response.getOutputStream());
}*/
}
后台控制器:需要对生成的验证码图片进行 Base64 编码后传到前端页面,前端再解析展示图片。
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
@CrossOrigin // 允许跨域(前后端分离)
@Slf4j // 日志对象
public class UserController {
/**
生成验证码
@throws IOException
*/
@GetMapping("/getImage")
public Map<String, String> getImage(HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
Map<String, String> result = new HashMap<>();
CreateImageCode createImageCode = new CreateImageCode();
// 获取验证码
String securityCode = createImageCode.getCode();
// 验证码存入 session
String key = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss").format(new Date());
request.getServletContext().setAttribute(key, securityCode);
// 生成图片
BufferedImage image = createImageCode.getBuffImg();
//进行 base64 编码
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ImageIO.write(image, "png", bos);
String string = Base64Utils.encodeToString(bos.toByteArray());
result.put("key", key);
result.put("image", string);
return result;
}
}
前端页面:
<img :src="src" id="img-vcode" @click="getImage" :key="key">
<label>
<div class="label-text">验证码:</div>
<input type="text" name="vcode" style="width: 100px">
</label>
<script>
const app = new Vue({
el: "#app",
data: {
src: "",
key: ""
},
methods: {
getImage() {
_this = this;
axios.get("http://localhost:8989/user/getImage").then((res) => {
console.log(res.data);
_this.src = "data:image/png;base64," + res.data.image;
_this.key = res.data.key;
})
}
},
created() {
this.getImage(); // 获取验证码
}
});
</script>
===============================================================================
mysql 的 LIMIT
分页语句:
LIMIT n
: 取前 n 个数据,相当于LIMIT 0, n
;LIMIT 2, 4
: 从第 3 行开始检索 4 条数据;
分页查询的 SQL 语句:参数 1 是开始查询的数据行,参数 2 是查询数据条数。
<select id="findByPage" resultType="Province">
SELECT * FROM t_province
ORDER BY placecounts
LIMIT #{start}, #{rows}
</select>
后台业务层代码:
传入的参数是当前所在页数,以及页面显示数量,无法直接应用 MySQL 的 limit
查询子句中,需要转换一下:start = (page - 1) * rows
计算出 limit
字句的第一个参数。
@Override
public List<Province> findByPage(Integer page, Integer rows) {
// 传入的是当前页数, 以及页面显示的数量
// 所以要根据这两个参数计算从 mysql 中查询数据要从第几行开始查几条
int start = (page - 1) * rows; // 计算要查询的数据是从第几条数据开始的
return provinceDAO.findByPage(start, rows);
}
后台控制器代码:
/**
分页查询数据
*/
@GetMapping("/findByPage")
public Map<String, Object> findByPage(Integer page, Integer rows) {
page = page==null ? 1 : page;
rows = rows==null ? 4 : rows;
System.out.println(page + " : " + rows);
HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
// 分页查询出当前页面显示的数据
List<Province> provinces = provinceService.findByPage(page, rows);
// 查询总数据条数, 用于计算总页数
Integer totals = provinceService.findTotals();
// 计算总页数
// 如果总数据条数可以整除每一页数据个数, 说明结果正好为总页数
// 如果总数据条数无法整除每一页数据个数, 说明总页数需要结果 + 1
Integer totalPage = totals % rows == 0 ? totals / rows : totals / rows + 1;
map.put("provinces", provinces);
map.put("totals", totals);
map.put("totalPage", totalPage);
map.put("page", page);
map.forEach((k, v) -> {
System.out.println(k + ": " + v);
});
return map;
}
前端页面:
<div id="pages">
<a href="javascript:;" class="page" v-if="page > 1" @click="findAll(page - 1)"><上一页</a>
<a href="javascript:;" class="page" v-for="index in totalPage" @click="findAll(index)" v-text="index"></a>
<a href="javascript:;" class="page" v-if="page < totalPage" @click="findAll(page + 1)">下一页></a>
</div>
超链接的写法可以更优化一下:优化后点击当前所在页数无效(不会发送任何请求)。
<div id="pages">
<a href="javascript:;" class="page" v-if="page > 1" @click="findAllPage(page - 1)"><上一页</a>
<span v-for="index in totalPage">
<a href="javascript:;" class="page" v-if="page == index" v-text="index"></a>
<a href="javascript:;" class="page" v-if="page != index" @click="findAllPage(index)" v-text="index"></a>
</span>
<a href="javascript:;" class="page" v-if="page < totalPage" @click="findAllPage(page + 1)">下一页></a>
</div>
<script> const app = new Vue({
el: "#app",
data: {
provinces : [],
page : 1,
rows : 4,
totalPage : 0,
totals : 0,
},
methods: {
findAll(indexpage) { // 查询某一页的数据
if (indexpage) {
this.page = indexpage;
}
_this = this; // 保存当前对象, 用于下面的作用域
axios.get("http://localhost:8989/province/findByPage?page=" + this.page + "&rows=" + this.rows).then((res) => {
_this.provinces = res.data.provinces;
_this.page = res.data.page;
_this.totalPage = res.data.totalPage;
_this.totals = res.data.totals;
});
},
},
created() {
this.findAll();
}
}); </script>
====================================================================================
前后端数据交互采用的是 Json 的话,只需要在实体类中的属性加一个注解即可:
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Accessors(chain = true)
@ToString
public class Place {
private String id;
private String name;
private String picpath;
@JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd")
private Date hottime; // 前后端分离项目对日期数据类型的处理
private Double hotticket;
private Double dimticket;
private String placedes;
private String provinceid;
}
===============================================================================
注:由于我们往数据库中插入的是文件的 Base64 编码,因此需要将 数据库中 picpath
字段的大小设置的足够大,可以使用以下几个数据类型:
| 数据类型 | 最大长度 | 近似值 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| TINYTEXT | 256 bytes | |
| TEXT | 65,535 bytes | ~64kb |
| MEDIUMTEXT | 16,777,215 bytes | ~16MB |
| LONGTEXT | 4,294,967,295 bytes | ~4GB |
在配置文件 application.properties
中配置文件上传的路径:
spring.resources.static-locations=file:${upload.dir}
upload.dir=D:/CodePro/IdeaPro/SpringBoot/travels/images
在后台控制器中 注入路径,并实现文件上传(用 Base64 编码进行处理):
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/place")
@CrossOrigin
public class PlaceController {
@Autowired
private PlaceService placeService;
@Value("${upload.dir}") // 注入
private String realPath;
/**
保存景点信息
@param pic
@return
*/
@PostMapping("save")
public Result save(MultipartFile pic, Place place) throws IOException {
Result result = new Result();
try {
// 文件上传
String extension = FilenameUtils.getExtension(pic.getOriginalFilename());
String newFileName = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss").format(new Date()) + extension;
// base64 编码处理(注意, 这一步必须放在 transferTo 操作前面!)
place.setPicpath(Base64Utils.encodeToString(pic.getBytes()));
// 文件上传
File file = new File(realPath);
pic.transferTo(new File(file,newFileName));
// 保存 place 对象
placeService.save(place);
result.setMsg("保存景点信息成功!!!");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
result.setState(false).setMsg(e.getMessage());
}
return result;
}
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