【docker 总结】第六篇 - DockerCompose
作者：Brave
- 2021 年 12 月 18 日
本文字数：14052 字
阅读完需：约 46 分钟
一，compose 简介
compose 译为：组合，它可以将多个容器组合到一起；
比如：制做一个网站，会包含若干服务，数据库 mysql，MongoDB，redis，nginx，java 等；
这些服务虽然也可以装到一个容器中，但是一般并不会这样做；
因为，如果两个服务都用到了 jdk，但版本不一致，放到一起就会引发冲突，导致问题；
所以，需要每个服务对应一个镜像，每个服务都是一个独立的容器；这样就至少需要 3 个容器；
但是，这些服务应该是一个整体：
先启动数据库，再启动 web 容器，再启动 nginx，
在客户端机型访问，他们是相互协作，启动时是有顺序的，
所以，希望能够将他们作为一个整体，一起按照顺序进行启动和关闭操作；
如何能够实现这种编排？这就需要使用到 docker-compose；
二，编排
编排是什么，为什么需要编排？
一个复杂的系统，是需要进行规划的，比如：
1，考虑选择哪些镜像和容器；
2，按照合适的顺序启动这些容器；
3，管理容器中的服务器；
4，如果服务器宕机了，需要复杂重启；
5，如果服务器负载太大，需要动态扩容；
6，如果程序更新了，还要动态升级镜像和容器和服务；
这样，可以将代码打包到镜像中，然后再启动；
如果源代码发生改变，比如添加了新的功能，那么就需要重新打包镜像；
所以，这种操作最好需要工具辅助完成，比如：docker-compose、K8S；
三，compose
Compose 通过一个配置文件来管理多个 Docker 容器
在配置文件中，所有的容器通过 services 来定义，然后使用 docker-compose 脚本来启动、停止和重启应用和应用中的服务以及所有依赖服务的容器
步骤：
最后，运行 docker-compose up，Compose 将启动并运行整个应用程序 配置文件组成
services 可以定义需要的服务，每个服务都有自己的名字、使用的镜像、挂载的数据卷所属的网络和依赖的其它服务
networks 是应用的网络，在它下面可以定义使用的网络名称，类性
volumes 是数据卷，可以在此定义数据卷，然后挂载到不同的服务上面使用
安装 compose
mac 安装包中已经自带，无需安装
centos 需要安装：
yum -y install epel-releaseyum -y install python-pipyum clean allpip install docker-compose复制代码
编写 docker-compose.yml
在 docker-compose.yml 中定义组成应用程序的服务，以便它们可以在隔离的环境中一起运行
空格缩进表示层次
冒号空格后面有空格
version: '2' services: nginx1: image: nginx ports: - "8080:80" nginx2: image: nginx ports: - "8081:80"复制代码
version 必须是字符串
BravedeMacBook-Pro:~ brave$ mkdir docker_nginxBravedeMacBook-Pro:~ brave$ cd docker_nginx/BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ vi docker-compose.ymlBravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ docker-compose up[+] Running 3/3 ⠿ Network docker_nginx_default Created 0.1s ⠿ Container docker_nginx_nginx1_1 Creat... 0.2s ⠿ Container docker_nginx_nginx2_1 Creat... 0.2sAttaching to nginx1_1, nginx2_1复制代码
访问 nginx 服务
问题：控制台会卡住，一旦退出服务就会停止，不能继续访问
^CGracefully stopping... (press Ctrl+C again to force)[+] Running 2/2 ⠿ Container docker_nginx_nginx1_1 Stopped 0.3s ⠿ Container docker_nginx_nginx2_1 Stopped 6.4scanceled复制代码
可以在后台启动服务：
BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ docker-compose up -d[+] Running 2/2 ⠿ Container docker_nginx_nginx2_1 Started 0.8s ⠿ Container docker_nginx_nginx1_1 Started复制代码
打印当前容器
BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ docker-compose psNAME COMMAND SERVICE STATUS PORTSdocker_nginx_nginx1_1 "/docker-entrypoint.…" nginx1 running 0.0.0.0:8081->80/tcpdocker_nginx_nginx2_1 "/docker-entrypoint.…" nginx2 running 0.0.0.0:8082->80/tcp复制代码
停止服务
BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ docker-compose stop[+] Running 2/2 ⠿ Container docker_nginx_nginx2_1 Stopped 0.2s ⠿ Container docker_nginx_nginx1_1 Stopped 0.3s
BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ docker-compose psNAME COMMAND SERVICE STATUS PORTSdocker_nginx_nginx1_1 "/docker-entrypoint.…" nginx1 exited (0) docker_nginx_nginx2_1 "/docker-entrypoint.…" nginx2 exited (0) 复制代码
启动服务
BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ docker-compose start[+] Running 2/2 ⠿ Container docker_nginx_nginx2_1 Started 0.6s ⠿ Container docker_nginx_nginx1_1 Started 0.6s BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ docker-compose psNAME COMMAND SERVICE STATUS PORTSdocker_nginx_nginx1_1 "/docker-entrypoint.…" nginx1 running 0.0.0.0:8081->80/tcpdocker_nginx_nginx2_1 "/docker-entrypoint.…" nginx2 running 0.0.0.0:8082->80/tcp复制代码
看日志：
docker-compose logs -f
logs 查看日志
-f 跟踪日志变化 访问服务时，日志动态刷新
BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ docker-compose logs -fnginx2_1 | /docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configurationnginx2_1 | /docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/nginx2_1 | /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.shnginx2_1 | 10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Getting the checksum of /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.confnginx2_1 | 10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Enabled listen on IPv6 in /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.confnginx2_1 | /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/20-envsubst-on-templates.shnginx2_1 | /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/30-tune-worker-processes.shnginx2_1 | /docker-entrypoint.sh: Configuration complete; ready for start upnginx2_1 | 2021/12/14 06:32:55 [notice] 1#1: using the "epoll" event methodnginx2_1 | 2021/12/14 06:32:55 [notice] 1#1: nginx/1.21.4nginx2_1 | 2021/12/14 06:32:55 [notice] 1#1: built by gcc 10.2.1 20210110 (Debian 10.2.1-6) nginx2_1 | 2021/12/14 06:32:55 [notice] 1#1: OS: Linux 5.10.76-linuxkitnginx2_1 | 2021/12/14 06:32:55 [notice] 1#1: getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE): 1048576:1048576nginx2_1 | 2021/12/14 06:32:55 [notice] 1#1: start worker processesnginx1_1 | /docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configurationnginx2_1 | 2021/12/14 06:32:55 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 31nginx1_1 | /docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/nginx1_1 | /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.shnginx2_1 | 2021/12/14 06:32:55 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 32nginx1_1 | 10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Getting the checksum of /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.confnginx1_1 | 10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh: info: Enabled listen on IPv6 in /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.confnginx1_1 | /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/20-envsubst-on-templates.shnginx1_1 | /docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/30-tune-worker-processes.shnginx1_1 | /docker-entrypoint.sh: Configuration complete; ready for start upnginx1_1 | 2021/12/14 06:32:55 [notice] 1#1: using the "epoll" event methodnginx1_1 | 2021/12/14 06:32:55 [notice] 1#1: nginx/1.21.4nginx1_1 | 2021/12/14 06:32:55 [notice] 1#1: built by gcc 10.2.1 20210110 (Debian 10.2.1-6) nginx1_1 | 2021/12/14 06:32:55 [notice] 1#1: OS: Linux 5.10.76-linuxkitnginx1_1 | 2021/12/14 06:32:55 [notice] 1#1: getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE): 1048576:1048576nginx1_1 | 2021/12/14 06:32:55 [notice] 1#1: start worker processesnginx1_1 | 2021/12/14 06:32:55 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 32nginx1_1 | 2021/12/14 06:32:55 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 33nginx1_1 | 2021/12/14 06:32:55 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 34nginx1_1 | 2021/12/14 06:32:55 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 35nginx1_1 | 172.20.0.1 - - [14/Dec/2021:06:35:30 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 615 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36" "-"nginx1_1 | 2021/12/14 06:35:30 [error] 32#32: *1 open() "/usr/share/nginx/html/favicon.ico" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 172.20.0.1, server: localhost, request: "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1", host: "localhost:8081", referrer: "http://localhost:8081/"nginx1_1 | 172.20.0.1 - - [14/Dec/2021:06:35:30 +0000] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 555 "http://localhost:8081/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.159 Safari/537.36" "-"复制代码
进入服务
BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ docker exec -it docker_nginx_nginx1_1 bashroot@d482a80a53a6:/# 复制代码
排除干扰：
1，停掉并删除所有容器
docker-compose down 停掉并删除所有容器和 compose 所创建的网络
BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ docker-compose down[+] Running 3/2 ⠿ Container docker_nginx_nginx2_1 Removed 0.3s ⠿ Container docker_nginx_nginx1_1 Removed 0.3s ⠿ Network docker_nginx_default Removed 复制代码
每当通过 compose 启动一堆服务时，默认会创建一个网络
docker container stop `docker container ps -a -q`
stop 停掉容器
BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ docker container stop `docker container ps -a -q`3fdb2c77358305a69d0bbfa144aa617a60540ebe1b6be49b706198092f9b980e9f285e936c9ac8a83da8553463de14b7dccd4593629f2934844233f7c6cb1d0358ff180a56dc2015BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ docker container rm `docker container ps -a -q`3fdb2c77358305a69d0bbfa144aa617a60540ebe1b6be49b706198092f9b980e9f285e936c9ac8a83da8553463de14b7dccd4593629f2934844233f7c6cb1d0358ff180a56dc2015复制代码
这时，容器就都没了
BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ docker container ps -aCONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES复制代码
重新启动
BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ docker-compose up -d[+] Running 3/3 ⠿ Network docker_nginx_default Created 0.1s ⠿ Container docker_nginx_nginx2_1 Started 0.7s ⠿ Container docker_nginx_nginx1_1 Started 0.7s复制代码
进入容器 docker_nginx_nginx1_1
因为 yaml 文件中没有指定容器的 name，所以默认生成了一个
BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ docker exec -it docker_nginx_nginx1_1 bashroot@310f6901b9bd:/# 复制代码
查看 network：
发现多了一个 bridge 类型的网络： docker_nginx_default
BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ docker network lsNETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE0f0889985450 bridge bridge locala02b571b9ecb dev_web bridge local3abec53303cd docker_nginx_default bridge local04a72bf29d13 finance_web bridge local1b1664b7d542 host host localc57ec20004cf none null local复制代码
compose 中的容器都会加入到这个网络中，和其他网络是隔离的
写一个更复杂的，先把这个 down 掉(stop 并 rm 掉)
BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ docker-compose down[+] Running 3/2 ⠿ Container docker_nginx_nginx2_1 Removed 0.6s ⠿ Container docker_nginx_nginx1_1 Removed 0.6s ⠿ Network docker_nginx_default Removed 0.1s复制代码
直接配置数据卷
两个静态网站，一个前台用，一个后台用
BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ mkdir frontBravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ mkdir backend
BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ cd front/BravedeMacBook-Pro:front brave$ echo front > index.html
BravedeMacBook-Pro:front brave$ cd ../backend/BravedeMacBook-Pro:backend brave$ echo backend > index.html
BravedeMacBook-Pro:backend brave$ cd ..BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ lsbackend docker-compose.yml front复制代码
添加 tree 命令
Ubuntu 下可执行下列命令安装
sudo apt-get install tree复制代码
MacOS 下:
首先，进入家目录
cd $home复制代码
使用 vim 命令创建一个.bashrc 文件
vim .bashrc复制代码
在里面添加如下一行代码：
alias tree="find . -print | sed -e 's;[^/]*/;|____;g;s;____|; |;g'"复制代码
保存退出后，使用 source .bashrc 命令更新一下脚本资源
source .bashrc复制代码
在终端下试一下 tree 命令
BravedeMacBook-Pro:~ brave$ cd docker_nginx/BravedeMacBook-Pro:docker_nginx brave$ tree.|____.DS_Store|____backend| |____index.html|____docker-compose.yml|____front| |____index.html复制代码
通过 docker 启动两个 nginx，一个映射到 front 目录，一个映射到 backend 目录；
当访问第一个容器时，8081，访问的是 front 目录下的 index.html 文件，
当访问第二个容器时，8082，访问的是 backend 目录下的 index.html 文件，
所以，这就需要将宿主机上的一个目录映射给容器中的目录
这样，修改只要在本地改就可以了，容器会到这里来读
拷贝一份目录出来
BravedeMacBook-Pro:~ brave$ cp -r docker_nginx webserverBravedeMacBook-Pro:~ brave$ cd webserver/BravedeMacBook-Pro:webserver brave$ lsbackend docker-compose.yml front复制代码
修改 docker-compose.yml
vi docker-compose.yml复制代码
添加数据卷的映射
version: '2'services: nginx1: image: nginx volumes: - "./front:/usr/share/nginx/html" ports: - "8081:80" nginx2: image: nginx volumes: - "./backend:/usr/share/nginx/html" ports: - "8082:80"复制代码
启动 compose
BravedeMacBook-Pro:webserver brave$ docker-compose up[+] Running 3/3 ⠿ Network webserver_default Created 0.1s ⠿ Container webserver_nginx1_1 Created 0.2s ⠿ Container webserver_nginx2_1 Created 0.2sAttaching to nginx1_1, nginx2_1
复制代码
当修改本地文件内容后，页面内容就会变化
创建并配置数据卷
先停掉 compose：
^CGracefully stopping... (press Ctrl+C again to force)[+] Running 2/2 ⠿ Container webserver_nginx1_1 Stopped 0.2s ⠿ Container webserver_nginx2_1 Stopped 8.6scanceled复制代码
修改 docker-compose.yml 文件，添加数据卷：
BravedeMacBook-Pro:webserver brave$ vi docker-compose.yml复制代码
创建本地数据卷
version: '2'services: nginx1: image: nginx volumes: - "data:/data" - "./front:/usr/share/nginx/html" ports: - "8081:80" nginx2: image: nginx volumes: - "data:/data" // 冒号左侧不是相对路径，data 代表数据卷 - "./backend:/usr/share/nginx/html" // 冒号左侧可以是相对路径 ports: - "8082:80"volumes: // 创建数据卷 data data: driver: local复制代码
后台启动 compose
BravedeMacBook-Pro:webserver brave$ docker-compose up -d[+] Running 3/3 ⠿ Network webserver_default Created 0.1s ⠿ Container webserver_nginx2_1 Started 0.7s ⠿ Container webserver_nginx1_1 Started 0.8s复制代码
进入容器 webserver_nginx2_1，在 data 目录下创建一个文件：
BravedeMacBook-Pro:webserver brave$ docker exec -it webserver_nginx2_1 bashroot@a7629261b3a5:/# cd /data/root@a7629261b3a5:/data# lsroot@a7629261b3a5:/data# touch test.txtroot@a7629261b3a5:/data# exitexit复制代码
再进入容器 webserver_nginx1_1，可以看到刚刚创建的文件，再创建一个文件
BravedeMacBook-Pro:webserver brave$ docker exec -it webserver_nginx1_1 bashroot@b34bfd670a93:/# cd /data/root@b34bfd670a93:/data# lstest.txtroot@b34bfd670a93:/data# touch test2.txtroot@b34bfd670a93:/data# exitexit复制代码
查看宿主机的 data 目录
BravedeMacBook-Pro:webserver brave$ docker inspect webserver_nginx1_1[ { "Id": "b34bfd670a93ac29569afe9367485ef381ea9f8aa727af0491a87c0c19f3b624", "Created": "2021-12-15T03:57:33.8890169Z", "Path": "/docker-entrypoint.sh", "Args": [ "nginx", "-g", "daemon off;" ], "State": { "Status": "running", "Running": true, "Paused": false, "Restarting": false, "OOMKilled": false, "Dead": false, "Pid": 18514, "ExitCode": 0, "Error": "", "StartedAt": "2021-12-15T03:57:34.6195702Z", "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z" }, "Image": "sha256:f652ca386ed135a4cbe356333e08ef0816f81b2ac8d0619af01e2b256837ed3e", "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b34bfd670a93ac29569afe9367485ef381ea9f8aa727af0491a87c0c19f3b624/resolv.conf", "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b34bfd670a93ac29569afe9367485ef381ea9f8aa727af0491a87c0c19f3b624/hostname", "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b34bfd670a93ac29569afe9367485ef381ea9f8aa727af0491a87c0c19f3b624/hosts", "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/b34bfd670a93ac29569afe9367485ef381ea9f8aa727af0491a87c0c19f3b624/b34bfd670a93ac29569afe9367485ef381ea9f8aa727af0491a87c0c19f3b624-json.log", "Name": "/webserver_nginx1_1", "RestartCount": 0, "Driver": "overlay2", "Platform": "linux", "MountLabel": "", "ProcessLabel": "", "AppArmorProfile": "", "ExecIDs": null, "HostConfig": { "Binds": [ "/Users/brave/webserver/front:/usr/share/nginx/html:rw" ], "ContainerIDFile": "", "LogConfig": { "Type": "json-file", "Config": {} }, "NetworkMode": "webserver_default", "PortBindings": { "80/tcp": [ { "HostIp": "", "HostPort": "8081" } ] }, "RestartPolicy": { "Name": "", "MaximumRetryCount": 0 }, "AutoRemove": false, "VolumeDriver": "", "VolumesFrom": null, "CapAdd": null, "CapDrop": null, "CgroupnsMode": "private", "Dns": null, "DnsOptions": null, "DnsSearch": null, "ExtraHosts": null, "GroupAdd": null, "IpcMode": "private", "Cgroup": "", "Links": null, "OomScoreAdj": 0, "PidMode": "", "Privileged": false, "PublishAllPorts": false, "ReadonlyRootfs": false, "SecurityOpt": null, "UTSMode": "", "UsernsMode": "", "ShmSize": 67108864, "Runtime": "runc", "ConsoleSize": [ 0, 0 ], "Isolation": "", "CpuShares": 0, "Memory": 0, "NanoCpus": 0, "CgroupParent": "", "BlkioWeight": 0, "BlkioWeightDevice": null, "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null, "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null, "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null, "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null, "CpuPeriod": 0, "CpuQuota": 0, "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0, "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0, "CpusetCpus": "", "CpusetMems": "", "Devices": null, "DeviceCgroupRules": null, "DeviceRequests": null, "KernelMemory": 0, "KernelMemoryTCP": 0, "MemoryReservation": 0, "MemorySwap": 0, "MemorySwappiness": null, "OomKillDisable": null, "PidsLimit": null, "Ulimits": null, "CpuCount": 0, "CpuPercent": 0, "IOMaximumIOps": 0, "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0, "Mounts": [ { "Type": "volume", "Source": "webserver_data", "Target": "/data", "VolumeOptions": {} } ], "MaskedPaths": [ "/proc/asound", "/proc/acpi", "/proc/kcore", "/proc/keys", "/proc/latency_stats", "/proc/timer_list", "/proc/timer_stats", "/proc/sched_debug", "/proc/scsi", "/sys/firmware" ], "ReadonlyPaths": [ "/proc/bus", "/proc/fs", "/proc/irq", "/proc/sys", "/proc/sysrq-trigger" ] }, "GraphDriver": { "Data": { "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/bdcd67dc5ebc710bb8c4080f04d36ae53992bb08fa8e61c1e72a38b47d302eb4-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/98ddd77c17fd0fd4fc6707553e32b49f8e2eba2bc9e70da3d5fca8b29b91d8ec/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/3be50bc643a4970bcfa30f7e96866f443053bd785888275e1e7e3523e09b4360/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5012d011eb7dbcacff0b847f7e9c0ed198b3449bd343e7fa684896ff85aa9354/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/51f10304ec3ccb9e9a87e92d04b7cd9cd1a7b4cf5ffaf44066d2efe5ab13bde1/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/0cf4f1c2e2da09449d986dae65c19969eb2443a8bdedfd00a21e1a62f60fbed4/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/43f4bcbd57da70e0ba27546bf82a9f3ff49be426b612d7c3a6c07753eebce40f/diff", "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/bdcd67dc5ebc710bb8c4080f04d36ae53992bb08fa8e61c1e72a38b47d302eb4/merged", "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/bdcd67dc5ebc710bb8c4080f04d36ae53992bb08fa8e61c1e72a38b47d302eb4/diff", "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/bdcd67dc5ebc710bb8c4080f04d36ae53992bb08fa8e61c1e72a38b47d302eb4/work" }, "Name": "overlay2" }, // 数据卷 Mounts "Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/webserver_data/_data" "Mounts": [ { "Type": "bind", "Source": "/Users/brave/webserver/front", "Destination": "/usr/share/nginx/html", "Mode": "rw", "RW": true, "Propagation": "rprivate" }, { "Type": "volume", "Name": "webserver_data", "Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/webserver_data/_data", "Destination": "/data", "Driver": "local", "Mode": "z", "RW": true, "Propagation": "" } ], "Config": { "Hostname": "b34bfd670a93", "Domainname": "", "User": "", "AttachStdin": false, "AttachStdout": true, "AttachStderr": true, "ExposedPorts": { "80/tcp": {} }, "Tty": false, "OpenStdin": false, "StdinOnce": false, "Env": [ "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin", "NGINX_VERSION=1.21.4", "NJS_VERSION=0.7.0", "PKG_RELEASE=1~bullseye" ], "Cmd": [ "nginx", "-g", "daemon off;" ], "Image": "nginx", "Volumes": { "/data": {}, "/usr/share/nginx/html": {} }, "WorkingDir": "", "Entrypoint": [ "/docker-entrypoint.sh" ], "OnBuild": null, "Labels": { "com.docker.compose.config-hash": "f512730eadababb6d69e9935a86eceed5960e0d3e11f0800b00ab834f34fe9cd", "com.docker.compose.container-number": "1", "com.docker.compose.depends_on": "", "com.docker.compose.image": "sha256:f652ca386ed135a4cbe356333e08ef0816f81b2ac8d0619af01e2b256837ed3e", "com.docker.compose.oneoff": "False", "com.docker.compose.project": "webserver", "com.docker.compose.project.config_files": "/Users/brave/webserver/docker-compose.yml", "com.docker.compose.project.working_dir": "/Users/brave/webserver", "com.docker.compose.service": "nginx1", "com.docker.compose.version": "2.2.1", "maintainer": "NGINX Docker Maintainers \u003cdocker-maint@nginx.com\u003e" }, "StopSignal": "SIGQUIT" }, "NetworkSettings": { "Bridge": "", "SandboxID": "f9f9647096145a373ac3b609c379685c0b1ba8abe185b5df65fe7d9cddfe7d19", "HairpinMode": false, "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "", "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0, "Ports": { "80/tcp": [ { "HostIp": "0.0.0.0", "HostPort": "8081" } ] }, "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/f9f964709614", "SecondaryIPAddresses": null, "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null, "EndpointID": "", "Gateway": "", "GlobalIPv6Address": "", "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0, "IPAddress": "", "IPPrefixLen": 0, "IPv6Gateway": "", "MacAddress": "", "Networks": { "webserver_default": { "IPAMConfig": null, "Links": null, "Aliases": [ "webserver_nginx1_1", "nginx1", "b34bfd670a93" ], "NetworkID": "051b68777c6dfe07fcae9b75645a2c0ce921757ecf6c47781125d4275a805359", "EndpointID": "b45e60702647701e7858d65ff60ae365564a029f539d8b75ef508a98b261cf41", "Gateway": "172.23.0.1", "IPAddress": "172.23.0.3", "IPPrefixLen": 16, "IPv6Gateway": "", "GlobalIPv6Address": "", "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0, "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:17:00:03", "DriverOpts": null } } } }]复制代码
数据卷 Mounts "Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/webserver_data/_data"
MAC 独有方式。。。
可以进入 "/var/lib/docker/volumes/webserver_data/_data"查看到这两个文件
创建并配置网络
BravedeMacBook-Pro:webserver brave$ docker-compose down[+] Running 3/3 ⠿ Container webserver_nginx1_1 Removed 0.3s ⠿ Container webserver_nginx2_1 Removed 0.3s ⠿ Network webserver_default Removed 0.1s vi docker-compose.yml复制代码
:set nu 查看行号
3 nginx1: 4 image: nginx 5 networks: 6 - "myweb" // myweb 网络 7 - "default" // 默认网络 可写可不写 8 volumes: 9 - "data:/data" 10 - "./front:/usr/share/nginx/html" 11 ports: 12 - "8081:80" 13 nginx2: 14 image: nginx 15 volumes: 16 - "data:/data" 17 - "./backend:/usr/share/nginx/html" 18 ports: 19 - "8082:80" 20 volumes: 21 data: 22 driver: local 23 networks: // 创建网络 myweb 24 myweb: 25 driver: bridge复制代码
启动 compose
BravedeMacBook-Pro:webserver brave$ docker compose up -d[+] Running 4/4 ⠿ Network webserver_myweb Created 0.1s ⠿ Network webserver_default Created 0.1s ⠿ Container webserver-nginx1-1 Started 0.9s ⠿ Container webserver-nginx2-1 Started 0.8s复制代码
查看网络，创建了 webserver_default、webserver_myweb 两个网络：
BravedeMacBook-Pro:webserver brave$ docker network lsNETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE0f0889985450 bridge bridge locala02b571b9ecb dev_web bridge local04a72bf29d13 finance_web bridge local1b1664b7d542 host host localc57ec20004cf none null local82fddc470497 webserver_default bridge local // 新创建bb13d861b20a webserver_myweb bridge local // 新创建复制代码
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