效果
前言
先来看一下ShapeableImageView
是什么
由上图可以看到ShapeableImageView
也没有什么神秘的,不过是ImageView
的一个子类而已,但是从效果图来看,在不写shape、不引入三方库
的情况下,还是挺容易实现预期效果的,而且扩展性良好。
使用
引入 material 包
implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.2.1'
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常规
<com.google.android.material.imageview.ShapeableImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:src="@mipmap/ic_avatar" />
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圆角
<com.google.android.material.imageview.ShapeableImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:src="@mipmap/ic_avatar"
app:shapeAppearance="@style/RoundedStyle" />
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<!--ShapeableImageView 圆角-->
<style name="RoundedStyle">
<item name="cornerFamily">rounded</item>
<item name="cornerSize">10dp</item>
</style>
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圆
<com.google.android.material.imageview.ShapeableImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:src="@mipmap/ic_avatar"
app:shapeAppearance="@style/CircleStyle" />
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<!--ShapeableImageView 圆 -->
<style name="CircleStyle">
<item name="cornerFamily">rounded</item>
<item name="cornerSize">50%</item>
</style>
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描边
<com.google.android.material.imageview.ShapeableImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:padding="2dp"
android:src="@mipmap/ic_avatar"
app:shapeAppearance="@style/CircleStyle"
app:strokeColor="@color/red"
app:strokeWidth="4dp" />
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切角
<com.google.android.material.imageview.ShapeableImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:padding="2dp"
android:src="@mipmap/ic_avatar"
app:shapeAppearance="@style/CutStyle"
app:strokeColor="@color/red"
app:strokeWidth="4dp" />
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<!--ShapeableImageView 切角 -->
<style name="CutStyle">
<item name="cornerFamily">cut</item>
<item name="cornerSize">10dp</item>
</style>
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菱形
<com.google.android.material.imageview.ShapeableImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:padding="2dp"
android:src="@mipmap/ic_avatar"
app:shapeAppearance="@style/RhombusStyle"
app:strokeColor="@color/red"
app:strokeWidth="4dp" />
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<!--ShapeableImageView 菱形 -->
<style name="RhombusStyle">
<item name="cornerFamily">cut</item>
<item name="cornerSize">50%</item>
</style>
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叶子
<com.google.android.material.imageview.ShapeableImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:padding="2dp"
android:src="@mipmap/ic_avatar"
app:shapeAppearance="@style/LeafStyle"
app:strokeColor="@color/red"
app:strokeWidth="4dp" />
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<!--ShapeableImageView 叶子 -->
<style name="LeafStyle">
<item name="cornerFamily">rounded</item>
<item name="cornerSizeTopLeft">50%</item>
<item name="cornerSizeBottomRight">50%</item>
</style>
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半圆
<com.google.android.material.imageview.ShapeableImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:padding="2dp"
android:src="@mipmap/ic_avatar"
app:shapeAppearance="@style/SemicircleStyle"
app:strokeColor="@color/red"
app:strokeWidth="4dp" />
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<!--ShapeableImageView 半圆 -->
<style name="SemicircleStyle">
<item name="cornerFamily">rounded</item>
<item name="cornerSizeTopLeft">50%</item>
<item name="cornerSizeTopRight">50%</item>
</style>
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六边形
<com.google.android.material.imageview.ShapeableImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:padding="2dp"
android:scaleType="centerCrop"
android:src="@mipmap/ic_avatar"
app:shapeAppearance="@style/HexagonStyle"
app:strokeColor="@color/red"
app:strokeWidth="4dp" />
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<!--ShapeableImageView 六边形 -->
<style name="HexagonStyle">
<item name="cornerFamily">cut</item>
<item name="cornerSizeTopLeft">50%</item>
<item name="cornerSizeTopRight">50%</item>
<item name="cornerSizeBottomLeft">50%</item>
<item name="cornerSizeBottomRight">50%</item>
</style>
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author:yechaoa
属性
关于 xml 属性,我也做了一个整理,属性不多,只有 4 个
扩展
前面为了整体的排版,埋了几个伏笔,下面来一一解答。
会涉及到源码,但是经过去繁从简,看起来也非常轻松的。
shapeAppearance
Shape appearance overlay style reference for ShapeableImageView.ShapeableImageView 的形状外观覆盖样式参考。
前面可以看到我们设置圆角其实是用的style
,那为什么不直接用attrs
呢,不是更加直观方便吗,带着疑问来看看源码是怎么处理的。
直接看ShapeableImageView
的次构造方法:
public class ShapeableImageView extends AppCompatImageView implements Shapeable {
...
public ShapeableImageView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
super(wrap(context, attrs, defStyle, DEF_STYLE_RES), attrs, defStyle);
// Ensure we are using the correctly themed context rather than the context that was passed in.
context = getContext();
clearPaint = new Paint();
clearPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
clearPaint.setColor(Color.WHITE);
clearPaint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(Mode.DST_OUT));
destination = new RectF();
maskRect = new RectF();
maskPath = new Path();
TypedArray attributes =
context.obtainStyledAttributes(
attrs, R.styleable.ShapeableImageView, defStyle, DEF_STYLE_RES);
strokeColor =
MaterialResources.getColorStateList(
context, attributes, R.styleable.ShapeableImageView_strokeColor);
strokeWidth = attributes.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.ShapeableImageView_strokeWidth, 0);
borderPaint = new Paint();
borderPaint.setStyle(Style.STROKE);
borderPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
shapeAppearanceModel =
ShapeAppearanceModel.builder(context, attrs, defStyle, DEF_STYLE_RES).build();
shadowDrawable = new MaterialShapeDrawable(shapeAppearanceModel);
if (VERSION.SDK_INT >= VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
setOutlineProvider(new OutlineProvider());
}
}
}
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常规操作,获取自定义属性。
关键的两行代码:
shapeAppearanceModel = ShapeAppearanceModel.builder(context, attrs, defStyle, DEF_STYLE_RES).build();
shadowDrawable = new MaterialShapeDrawable(shapeAppearanceModel);
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也就是说我们给shapeAppearance
设置的 style,并不是ShapeableImageView
自己来处理的,而是由ShapeAppearanceModel
来构建的,然后又交给MaterialShapeDrawable
来绘制的。
ShapeAppearanceModel
这个类就厉害了,有点像Flutter
中的 Decoration,可以构建出花里胡哨的效果。
来看ShapeAppearanceModel
部分源码:
public class ShapeAppearanceModel {
/** Builder to create instances of {@link ShapeAppearanceModel}s. */
public static final class Builder {
@NonNull
private CornerTreatment topLeftCorner = MaterialShapeUtils.createDefaultCornerTreatment();
@NonNull
private CornerTreatment topRightCorner = MaterialShapeUtils.createDefaultCornerTreatment();
@NonNull
private CornerTreatment bottomRightCorner = MaterialShapeUtils.createDefaultCornerTreatment();
@NonNull
private CornerTreatment bottomLeftCorner = MaterialShapeUtils.createDefaultCornerTreatment();
@NonNull private CornerSize topLeftCornerSize = new AbsoluteCornerSize(0);
@NonNull private CornerSize topRightCornerSize = new AbsoluteCornerSize(0);
@NonNull private CornerSize bottomRightCornerSize = new AbsoluteCornerSize(0);
@NonNull private CornerSize bottomLeftCornerSize = new AbsoluteCornerSize(0);
@NonNull private EdgeTreatment topEdge = MaterialShapeUtils.createDefaultEdgeTreatment();
@NonNull private EdgeTreatment rightEdge = MaterialShapeUtils.createDefaultEdgeTreatment();
@NonNull private EdgeTreatment bottomEdge = MaterialShapeUtils.createDefaultEdgeTreatment();
@NonNull private EdgeTreatment leftEdge = MaterialShapeUtils.createDefaultEdgeTreatment();
public Builder() {}
...
}
...
}
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可以看到有各种边和角的属性,这里注意两个点:
也就意味着,边和角除了默认,是可以自定义的,这就有极大的想象空间了,比如这样:
// 代码设置 角和边
val shapeAppearanceModel2 = ShapeAppearanceModel.builder().apply {
setAllCorners(RoundedCornerTreatment())
setAllCornerSizes(50f)
setAllEdges(TriangleEdgeTreatment(50f, false))
}.build()
val drawable2 = MaterialShapeDrawable(shapeAppearanceModel2).apply {
setTint(ContextCompat.getColor(this@ShapeableImageViewActivity, R.color.colorPrimary))
paintStyle = Paint.Style.FILL_AND_STROKE
strokeWidth = 50f
strokeColor = ContextCompat.getColorStateList(this@ShapeableImageViewActivity, R.color.red)
}
mBinding.text2.setTextColor(Color.WHITE)
mBinding.text2.background = drawable2
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再比如这样:
// 代码设置 聊天框效果
val shapeAppearanceModel3 = ShapeAppearanceModel.builder().apply {
setAllCorners(RoundedCornerTreatment())
setAllCornerSizes(20f)
setRightEdge(object : TriangleEdgeTreatment(20f, false) {
// center 位置 , interpolation 角的大小
override fun getEdgePath(length: Float, center: Float, interpolation: Float, shapePath: ShapePath) {
super.getEdgePath(length, 35f, interpolation, shapePath)
}
})
}.build()
val drawable3 = MaterialShapeDrawable(shapeAppearanceModel3).apply {
setTint(ContextCompat.getColor(this@ShapeableImageViewActivity, R.color.colorPrimary))
paintStyle = Paint.Style.FILL
}
(mBinding.text3.parent as ViewGroup).clipChildren = false // 不限制子view在其范围内
mBinding.text3.setTextColor(Color.WHITE)
mBinding.text3.background = drawable3
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MaterialShapeDrawable
源码(有删减):
public class MaterialShapeDrawable extends Drawable implements TintAwareDrawable, Shapeable {
...
@Override
public void draw(@NonNull Canvas canvas) {
fillPaint.setColorFilter(tintFilter);
final int prevAlpha = fillPaint.getAlpha();
fillPaint.setAlpha(modulateAlpha(prevAlpha, drawableState.alpha));
strokePaint.setColorFilter(strokeTintFilter);
strokePaint.setStrokeWidth(drawableState.strokeWidth);
final int prevStrokeAlpha = strokePaint.getAlpha();
strokePaint.setAlpha(modulateAlpha(prevStrokeAlpha, drawableState.alpha));
if (pathDirty) {
calculateStrokePath();
calculatePath(getBoundsAsRectF(), path);
pathDirty = false;
}
maybeDrawCompatShadow(canvas);
if (hasFill()) {
drawFillShape(canvas);
}
if (hasStroke()) {
drawStrokeShape(canvas);
}
...
static final class MaterialShapeDrawableState extends ConstantState {
...
public MaterialShapeDrawableState(@NonNull MaterialShapeDrawableState orig) {
shapeAppearanceModel = orig.shapeAppearanceModel;
elevationOverlayProvider = orig.elevationOverlayProvider;
strokeWidth = orig.strokeWidth;
colorFilter = orig.colorFilter;
fillColor = orig.fillColor;
strokeColor = orig.strokeColor;
tintMode = orig.tintMode;
tintList = orig.tintList;
alpha = orig.alpha;
scale = orig.scale;
shadowCompatOffset = orig.shadowCompatOffset;
shadowCompatMode = orig.shadowCompatMode;
useTintColorForShadow = orig.useTintColorForShadow;
interpolation = orig.interpolation;
parentAbsoluteElevation = orig.parentAbsoluteElevation;
elevation = orig.elevation;
translationZ = orig.translationZ;
shadowCompatRadius = orig.shadowCompatRadius;
shadowCompatRotation = orig.shadowCompatRotation;
strokeTintList = orig.strokeTintList;
paintStyle = orig.paintStyle;
if (orig.padding != null) {
padding = new Rect(orig.padding);
}
}
...
}
...
}
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没什么特别的,你只需要知道除了可以设置描边之外,还可以设置背景、阴影等其他属性。
说明
描边问题
这里借 github 一张图
又是自定义 view 的常规操作,有一半画笔是在边界外面的,所以需要设置padding
为strokeWidth
的一半。
默认圆角问题
有细心的同学会发现啊,第一个常规的ShapeableImageView
还是有一点圆角的,没错,属于默认的,跟踪一下源码来看一下:
<style name="Widget.MaterialComponents.ShapeableImageView" parent="android:Widget">
<item name="strokeColor">@color/material_on_surface_stroke</item>
<item name="shapeAppearance">?attr/shapeAppearanceMediumComponent</item>
</style>
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第一个是颜色,很明显不是我们要找的,继续看 shapeAppearanceMediumComponent
<attr format="reference" name="shapeAppearanceMediumComponent"/>
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只是一个简单的属性,继续查找关联引用
<item name="shapeAppearanceMediumComponent">
@style/ShapeAppearance.MaterialComponents.MediumComponent
</item>
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又引用了一个 style,继续看 ShapeAppearance.MaterialComponents.MediumComponent 这个 style
<style name="ShapeAppearance.MaterialComponents.MediumComponent">
<item name="cornerSize">@dimen/mtrl_shape_corner_size_medium_component</item>
</style>
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哦豁,看到了熟悉的属性cornerSize
,藏的还挺深,继续看看数值是多少
<dimen name="mtrl_shape_corner_size_medium_component">4dp</dimen>
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默认4dp
。
那如果不想要这个圆角怎么办呢,可以学习源码仿写一个,不过上面也看到了,有点绕,不如直接写个 style 搞定:
<!--ShapeableImageView 去圆角-->
<style name="Corner0Style">
<item name="cornerSize">0dp</item>
</style>
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然后引用
app:shapeAppearance="@style/Corner0Style"
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效果:
ok,到这里就差不多了,虽然还有很多相关知识点没有提及,但是也不少了,不如自己去尝试一番,慢慢消化。
Github
https://github.com/yechaoa/MaterialDesign
感谢
最后
写作不易,如果对你有一丢丢帮助或启发,感谢点赞支持 ^ - ^
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