Java 技术：SpringBoot 实现邮件发送功能

作者：天使不哭

2022 年 8 月 09 日
江苏
本文字数：4128 字
阅读完需：约 14 分钟

1、创建一个基本的SpringBoot项目，pom文件导入发送邮件的依赖

2、application.yml 文件配置配置邮件发送信息

3、创建IEmailService 接口文件，定义邮件发送的接口

4、创建IEmailService接口的实现类EmailService.java 文件

5、新建邮件发送模板 email.html

6、新建测试类，主要代码如下

7、效果截图

邮件发送功能基本是每个完整业务系统要集成的功能之一，今天小编给大家介绍一下 SpringBoot 实现邮件发送功能，希望对大家能有所帮助！

今天主要给大家分享简单邮件发送、HTML 邮件发送、包含附件的邮件发送三个例子，具体源码链接在文章末尾，有需要的朋友可以自己下载学习一下。

1、创建一个基本的 SpringBoot 项目，pom 文件导入发送邮件的依赖

<!--邮件发送依赖包--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId></dependency><!--freemarker制作Html邮件模板依赖包--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId></dependency>

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2、application.yml 文件配置配置邮件发送信息

spring:mail:host: smtp.qq.comusername: xxx@qq.com  #发件人邮箱password: xxxxx  #授权码protocol: smtpproperties.mail.smtp.auth:trueproperties.mail.smtp.port:465#发件邮箱端口properties.mail.display.sendmail: xiaoMingproperties.mail.display.sendname: xiaomingproperties.mail.smtp.starttls.enable:trueproperties.mail.smtp.starttls.required:trueproperties.mail.smtp.ssl.enable:true#是否启用ssldefault-encoding: utf-8#编码格式    freemarker:cache:falsesettings:classic_compatible:truesuffix: .htmlcharset: UTF-8template-loader-path: classpath:/templates/

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3、创建 IEmailService 接口文件，定义邮件发送的接口

package com.springboot.email.email.service;

import javax.mail.MessagingException;import java.util.List;

public interface IEmailService {    /**     * 发送简单文本邮件     */    void sendSimpleMail(String receiveEmail, String subject, String content);    /**     * 发送HTML格式的邮件     */    void sendHtmlMail(String receiveEmail, String subject, String emailContent) throws MessagingException;    /**     * 发送包含附件的邮件     */    void sendAttachmentsMail(String receiveEmail, String subject, String emailContent, List<String> filePathList) throws MessagingException;}

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4、创建 IEmailService 接口的实现类 EmailService.java 文件

package com.springboot.email.email.service.impl;

import com.springboot.email.email.service.IEmailService;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;import javax.mail.MessagingException;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;import java.io.File;import java.util.List;@Servicepublic class EmailServiceImpl implements IEmailService {    @Resource    private JavaMailSender mailSender;

    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")    private String fromEmail;

    /**     * 发送简单文本邮件     */    public void sendSimpleMail(String receiveEmail, String subject, String content) {        SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();        message.setFrom(fromEmail);        message.setTo(receiveEmail);        message.setSubject(subject);        message.setText(content);        mailSender.send(message);    }    /**     * 发送Html格式的邮件     */    public  void sendHtmlMail(String receiveEmail,String subject,String emailContent) throws MessagingException    {        init(receiveEmail, subject, emailContent, mailSender, fromEmail);    }

    public static void init(String receiveEmail, String subject, String emailContent, JavaMailSender mailSender, String fromEmail) throws MessagingException {        MimeMessage message= mailSender.createMimeMessage();        MimeMessageHelper helper=new MimeMessageHelper(message,true);        helper.setFrom(fromEmail);        helper.setTo(receiveEmail);        helper.setSubject(subject);        helper.setText(emailContent,true);        mailSender.send(message);    }

    /**     * 发送包含附件的邮件     */    public void sendAttachmentsMail(String receiveEmail, String subject, String emailContent, List<String> filePathList) throws MessagingException {        MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();        //带附件第二个参数true        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);        helper.setFrom(fromEmail);        helper.setTo(receiveEmail);        helper.setSubject(subject);        helper.setText(emailContent, true);        //添加附件资源        for (String item : filePathList) {            FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(item));            String fileName = item.substring(item.lastIndexOf(File.separator));            helper.addAttachment(fileName, file);        }        //发送邮件        mailSender.send(message);    }}

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5、新建邮件发送模板 email.html

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head lang="en">    <meta charset="UTF-8"/>    <title></title>    <style>        td {            border: black 1px solid;        }    </style></head><body><h1>工资条</h1><table style="border: black 1px solid;width: 750px">    <thead>    <td>序号</td>    <td>姓名</td>    <td>基本工资</td>    <td>在职天数</td>    <td>奖金</td>    <td>社保</td>    <td>个税</td>    <td>实际工资</td>    </thead>    <tbody>    <tr>        <td>${salary.index}</td>        <td>${salary.name}</td>        <td>${salary.baseSalary}</td>        <td>${salary.inDays}</td>        <td>${salary.reward}</td>        <td>${salary.socialSecurity}</td>        <td>${salary.tax}</td>        <td>${salary.actSalary}</td>    </tr>    </tbody></table></body></html>

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6、新建测试类，主要代码如下

/** * 测试简单文本文件 */@Testpublic void EmailTest() {    emailService.sendSimpleMail("hgmyz@outlook.com", "测试邮件", "springboot 邮件测试");}

@Testpublic void HtmlEmailTest() throws MessagingException {    String receiveEmail = "hgmyz@outlook.com";    String subject = "Spring Boot 发送Html邮件测试";    String emailContent = "<h2>您好！</h2><p>这里是一封Spring Boot 发送的邮件，祝您天天开心！<img " + "src='https://p3.toutiaoimg.com/origin/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a43f0608912a4ecfa182084e397e4b81?from=pc' width='500' height='300' /></p>" + "<a href='https://programmerblog.xyz' title='IT技术分享设社区' targer='_blank'>IT技术分享设社区</a>";    emailService.sendHtmlMail(receiveEmail, subject, emailContent);}



@Testpublic void templateEmailTest() throws IOException, TemplateException, MessagingException {    String receiveEmail = "hgmyz@outlook.com";    String subject = "Spring Boot 发送Templete邮件测试";    //添加动态数据，替换模板里面的占位符    SalaryVO salaryVO = new SalaryVO(1, "小明", 2, 9000.00, 350.06, 280.05, 350.00, 7806.00);    Template template = freeMarkerConfigurer.getConfiguration().getTemplate("email.html");    //将模板文件及数据渲染完成之后，转换为html字符串    Map<String, Object> model = new HashMap<>();    model.put("salary", salaryVO);    String templateHtml = FreeMarkerTemplateUtils.processTemplateIntoString(template, model);    emailService.sendHtmlMail(receiveEmail, subject, templateHtml);}

@Testpublic void emailContailAttachmentTest() throws IOException, TemplateException, MessagingException {    String receiveEmail = "hgmyz@outlook.com";    String subject = "Spring Boot 发送包含附件的邮件测试";    //添加动态数据，替换模板里面的占位符    SalaryVO salaryVO = new SalaryVO(1, "小王", 2, 9000.00, 350.06, 280.05, 350.00, 7806.00);    Template template = freeMarkerConfigurer.getConfiguration().getTemplate("email.html");    //将模板文件及数据渲染完成之后，转换为html字符串    Map<String, Object> model = new HashMap<>();    model.put("salary", salaryVO);    String templateHtml = FreeMarkerTemplateUtils.processTemplateIntoString(template, model);    List<String> fileList = new ArrayList<>();    fileList.add("F:\\邮件测试.docx");    fileList.add("F:\\5.png");    fileList.add("F:\\db.jpg");    emailService.sendAttachmentsMail(receiveEmail, subject, templateHtml, fileList);}