一文搞懂 Go 搭建 Restful 接口
作者：Barry Yan
- 2022 年 10 月 07 日 北京
本文字数：3178 字
阅读完需：约 10 分钟
前提说明
大家都知道，Go 语言是云原生技术的主力语言，因此想要更好的学习并掌握云原生技术的前提是能熟练的使用 Go 语言，今天就带大家再次使用 Go 语言搭建一个简单的 Restful 风格的后端服务，其中包含 CRUD 功能，但是由于能更方便快速的开发完成，web 层使用了 Gin 框架，dao 层，即数据库访问层的代码就没有进行数据库的连接，直接操作内存做数据的增删改查，如有详细教程的需要请留言哈~
好滴，废话不多说，在学习这篇文章之前建议大家先了解下除了 Go 基本语法和设计规范以外，还有 Restful 的一些要点和 Gin 框架的基础，这里我就推荐下相关文章吧：
Gin 框架：
Restful 要点：
具体代码
安装 Gin
go get -u github.com/gin-gonic/gin
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项目结构：
cmd/web/main.go
package main
import ( "go_restful/pkg/web")
func main() { web.RouterGroup("7000")}
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pkg/model/user.go
package model
type User struct { Id int64 `json:"id"` Name string `json:"name"` Age int `json:"age"`}
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pkg/dao/user_dao.go
package dao
import ( "context" "go_restful/pkg/model" "log")
var users []*model.User
func init() { userList := make([]*model.User, 0) userList = append(userList, &model.User{Id: 1, Name: "zs", Age: 23}) userList = append(userList, &model.User{Id: 2, Name: "ls", Age: 24}) userList = append(userList, &model.User{Id: 3, Name: "ww", Age: 25}) users = userList}
type UserDAO interface { CreateUser(ctx context.Context, user *model.User) (bool, error) List(ctx context.Context) ([]*model.User, error) GetUserById(ctx context.Context, id int64) (model.User, error) DeleteUserById(ctx context.Context, id int64) (bool, error) UpdateUserById(ctx context.Context, user model.User) (bool, error)}
type UserDaoImpl struct { UserDB []*model.User}
func NewUserDaoImpl() *UserDaoImpl { return &UserDaoImpl{users}}
func (u UserDaoImpl) CreateUser(ctx context.Context, user *model.User) (bool, error) { users = append(u.UserDB, user) printUsers() return true, nil}
func (u UserDaoImpl) List(ctx context.Context) ([]*model.User, error) { return u.UserDB, nil}
func (u UserDaoImpl) GetUserById(ctx context.Context, id int64) (model.User, error) { return *u.UserDB[id-1], nil}
func (u UserDaoImpl) DeleteUserById(ctx context.Context, id int64) (bool, error) { newList := make([]*model.User, 0) for i := range u.UserDB { if i+1 != int(id) { newList = append(newList, u.UserDB[i]) } } users = newList printUsers() return true, nil}
func (u UserDaoImpl) UpdateUserById(ctx context.Context, user model.User) (bool, error) { newList := make([]*model.User, 0) for i := range u.UserDB { if i+1 == int(user.Id) { newList = append(newList, &user) } else { newList = append(newList, u.UserDB[i]) } } users = newList printUsers() return true, nil}
func printUsers() { for i := range users { log.Print(users[i]) }}
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pkg/web/controller/user_controller.go
package controller
import ( "context" "encoding/json" "github.com/gin-gonic/gin" "go_restful/pkg/model" "go_restful/pkg/web/controller/impl" "io/ioutil" "log" "strconv")
type UserController interface { CreateUser(ctx context.Context, user model.User) (bool, error) List(ctx context.Context) ([]*model.User, error) GetUserById(ctx context.Context, id int64) (model.User, error) DeleteUserById(ctx context.Context, id int64) (bool, error) UpdateUserById(ctx context.Context, user model.User) (bool, error)}
//CreateUser 添加Userfunc CreateUser(c *gin.Context) { body := c.Request.Body bytes, err := ioutil.ReadAll(body) user := model.User{} json.Unmarshal(bytes, &user) impl.MyUserControllerImpl.CreateUser(c, &user) if err != nil { log.Println(err) } c.JSON(200, "success")}
//List 查看全部func List(c *gin.Context) { list, err := impl.MyUserControllerImpl.List(c) if err != nil { log.Println(err) } c.JSON(200, list)}
//GetUserById 根据ID查看func GetUserById(c *gin.Context) { id := c.Param("id") intid, _ := strconv.Atoi(id) user, err := impl.MyUserControllerImpl.GetUserById(c, int64(intid)) if err != nil { log.Println(err) } c.JSON(200, user)}
//DeleteUserById 根据ID删除func DeleteUserById(c *gin.Context) { id := c.Param("id") intid, _ := strconv.Atoi(id) res, err := impl.MyUserControllerImpl.DeleteUserById(c, int64(intid)) if err != nil { log.Println(err) } c.JSON(200, res)}
//UpdateUserById 根据Id修改func UpdateUserById(c *gin.Context) { body := c.Request.Body bytes, err := ioutil.ReadAll(body) user := model.User{} json.Unmarshal(bytes, &user) if err != nil { log.Println(err) } res, err := impl.MyUserControllerImpl.UpdateUserById(c, user) c.JSON(200, res)}
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pkg/web/controller/impl/user_controller.go
package impl
import ( "context" "go_restful/pkg/dao" "go_restful/pkg/model")
type UserControllerImpl struct { dao *dao.UserDaoImpl}
var MyUserControllerImpl *UserControllerImpl
func NewUserControllerImpl() *UserControllerImpl { return &UserControllerImpl{ dao: dao.NewUserDaoImpl(), }}
func init() { MyUserControllerImpl=NewUserControllerImpl()}
func (u UserControllerImpl) CreateUser(ctx context.Context, user *model.User) (bool, error) { return u.dao.CreateUser(ctx, user)}
func (u UserControllerImpl) List(ctx context.Context) ([]*model.User, error) { return u.dao.List(ctx)}
func (u UserControllerImpl) GetUserById(ctx context.Context, id int64) (model.User, error) { return u.dao.GetUserById(ctx, id)}
func (u UserControllerImpl) DeleteUserById(ctx context.Context, id int64) (bool, error) { return u.dao.DeleteUserById(ctx, id)}
func (u UserControllerImpl) UpdateUserById(ctx context.Context, user model.User) (bool, error) { return u.dao.UpdateUserById(ctx, user)}
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pkg/web/router.go
package web
import ( "github.com/gin-gonic/gin" "go_restful/pkg/web/controller")
func RouterGroup(port string) { r := gin.Default() router := r.Group("/") { router.POST("/save", controller.CreateUser) router.GET("/list", controller.List) router.GET("/get/:id", controller.GetUserById) router.PUT("/update}", controller.UpdateUserById) router.DELETE("/delete/:id", controller.DeleteUserById) } r.Run("127.0.0.1:" + port)}
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最后大家自行测试吧~
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发布于: 刚刚阅读数: 3
版权声明: 本文为 InfoQ 作者【Barry Yan】的原创文章。
原文链接:【http://xie.infoq.cn/article/cff979b1bf1cb525648e360ab】。文章转载请联系作者。
Barry Yan
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做兴趣使然的Hero 2021.01.14 加入
Just do it.
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