internal class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
ParameterPassingBenchmark.Run();
}
}
public class ParameterPassingBenchmark
{
private const int WarmupIterations = 100000;
private const int BenchmarkIterations = 10000000;
private const int BatchSize = 1000; // 批量调用次数,提高测量精度
private static readonly Random _random = new Random(42);
// x64平台前4个参数通过寄存器传递
[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining | MethodImplOptions.NoOptimization)]
public static int Register4Params(int a, int b, int c, int d) => a + b + c + d;
// 第5个参数通过栈传递
[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining | MethodImplOptions.NoOptimization)]
public static int Stack1Param(int a, int b, int c, int d, int e) => a + b + c + d + e;
// 第5-8个参数通过栈传递
[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining | MethodImplOptions.NoOptimization)]
public static int Stack4Params(int a, int b, int c, int d, int e, int f, int g, int h)
=> a + b + c + d + e + f + g + h;
public static void Run()
{
Console.WriteLine($"参数传递性能测试 - 预热: {WarmupIterations:N0}, 测试: {BenchmarkIterations:N0} 次");
Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------------------------------------");
// 生成随机输入数据以避免优化
var inputData = GenerateInputData();
// 预热
Warmup(inputData);
// 测试
var reg4Time = Measure(() => Register4ParamsTest(inputData));
var stack1Time = Measure(() => Stack1ParamTest(inputData));
var stack4Time = Measure(() => Stack4ParamsTest(inputData));
// 输出结果
Console.WriteLine("\n===== 测试结果 =====");
Console.WriteLine($"4寄存器参数: {reg4Time,12:N2} ns/次");
Console.WriteLine($"4寄存器+1栈参数: {stack1Time,10:N2} ns/次 ({((double)stack1Time / reg4Time - 1) * 100:F1}% 性能下降)");
Console.WriteLine($"4寄存器+4栈参数: {stack4Time,10:N2} ns/次 ({((double)stack4Time / reg4Time - 1) * 100:F1}% 性能下降)");
}
private static (int[], int[], int[]) GenerateInputData()
{
var data4 = new int[BenchmarkIterations * 4];
var data5 = new int[BenchmarkIterations * 5];
var data8 = new int[BenchmarkIterations * 8];
for (int i = 0; i < BenchmarkIterations; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) data4[i * 4 + j] = _random.Next();
for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) data5[i * 5 + j] = _random.Next();
for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) data8[i * 8 + j] = _random.Next();
}
return (data4, data5, data8);
}
private static void Warmup((int[], int[], int[]) inputData)
{
Console.Write("预热中...");
var (data4, data5, data8) = inputData;
for (int i = 0; i < WarmupIterations; i++)
{
Register4Params(data4[i * 4], data4[i * 4 + 1], data4[i * 4 + 2], data4[i * 4 + 3]);
Stack1Param(data5[i * 5], data5[i * 5 + 1], data5[i * 5 + 2], data5[i * 5 + 3], data5[i * 5 + 4]);
Stack4Params(data8[i * 8], data8[i * 8 + 1], data8[i * 8 + 2], data8[i * 8 + 3],
data8[i * 8 + 4], data8[i * 8 + 5], data8[i * 8 + 6], data8[i * 8 + 7]);
}
Console.WriteLine("完成");
}
private static long Measure(Func<long> testMethod)
{
// 强制GC并等待完成
GC.Collect();
GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
GC.Collect();
// 冷启动
testMethod();
// 实际测量
var stopwatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
long result = testMethod();
stopwatch.Stop();
// 使用结果以避免被优化掉
if (result == 0) Console.WriteLine("警告: 结果为0,可能存在优化问题");
// 计算平均时间(纳秒)
long totalNs = stopwatch.ElapsedTicks * 10000000L / Stopwatch.Frequency;
return totalNs / (BenchmarkIterations / BatchSize); // 除以实际调用批次
}
private static long Register4ParamsTest((int[], int[], int[]) inputData)
{
var (data4, _, _) = inputData;
long sum = 0;
int index = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < BenchmarkIterations / BatchSize; i++)
{
// 批量调用以提高测量精度
for (int j = 0; j < BatchSize; j++)
{
sum += Register4Params(
data4[index++],
data4[index++],
data4[index++],
data4[index++]
);
}
}
return sum;
}
private static long Stack1ParamTest((int[], int[], int[]) inputData)
{
var (_, data5, _) = inputData;
long sum = 0;
int index = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < BenchmarkIterations / BatchSize; i++)
{
// 批量调用以提高测量精度
for (int j = 0; j < BatchSize; j++)
{
sum += Stack1Param(
data5[index++],
data5[index++],
data5[index++],
data5[index++],
data5[index++]
);
}
}
return sum;
}
private static long Stack4ParamsTest((int[], int[], int[]) inputData)
{
var (_, _, data8) = inputData;
long sum = 0;
int index = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < BenchmarkIterations / BatchSize; i++)
{
// 批量调用以提高测量精度
for (int j = 0; j < BatchSize; j++)
{
sum += Stack4Params(
data8[index++],
data8[index++],
data8[index++],
data8[index++],
data8[index++],
data8[index++],
data8[index++],
data8[index++]
);
}
}
return sum;
}
}
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