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Mac 下 vagrant 从安装到体验

作者:程序员欣宸
  • 2022 年 10 月 05 日
    广东
  • 本文字数:2466 字

    阅读完需:约 8 分钟

Mac下vagrant从安装到体验

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  • Mac 下使用虚拟机时,通过 vagrant+virtualbox 的组合是个不错的方案,简便快捷;

安装步骤


(base) zhaoqindeMBP:~ zhaoqin$ vagrant -vVagrant 2.2.5
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  • 安装完毕,接下来开始体验;

体验

  • 注意: 体验之前请再三确认 virtualbox 已经安装成功,最好是双击图标启动 virtualbox,确认能够启动成功;

  • 检查已有的虚拟机列表 vagrant box list ,提示还没有任何虚拟机:


(base) zhaoqindeMBP:~ zhaoqin$ vagrant box listThere are no installed boxes! Use `vagrant box add` to add some.
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  • 去虚拟机镜像仓库找个合适的镜像,地址是:https://app.vagrantup.com/boxes/search ,如下图,咱们用 centos 来完成初次体验吧,点击红框位置:


  • 在新页面中,点击下图红框中的"New"按钮,即可看到使用该虚拟机的命令:


  • 按照上图的提示,在命令行执行 **vagrant init centos/7,即可在当前目录生成此虚拟机的配置文件 Vagrantfile:


base) zhaoqindeMBP:18 zhaoqin$ vagrant init centos/7A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are nowready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please readthe comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on`vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant.
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  • 打开 Vagrantfile 看看,如下图,只有少量信息,看来主要用的都是默认配置:


  • 执行命令启动虚拟机,接下来需要等待 10 分钟左右,控制台输出以下信息表示启动虚拟机成功:


(base) zhaoqindeMBP:18 zhaoqin$ vagrant upBringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...==> default: Box 'centos/7' could not be found. Attempting to find and install...    default: Box Provider: virtualbox    default: Box Version: >= 0==> default: Loading metadata for box 'centos/7'    default: URL: https://vagrantcloud.com/centos/7==> default: Adding box 'centos/7' (v1905.1) for provider: virtualbox    default: Downloading: https://vagrantcloud.com/centos/boxes/7/versions/1905.1/providers/virtualbox.box    default: Download redirected to host: cloud.centos.org==> default: Successfully added box 'centos/7' (v1905.1) for 'virtualbox'!==> default: Importing base box 'centos/7'...==> default: Matching MAC address for NAT networking...==> default: Checking if box 'centos/7' version '1905.1' is up to date...==> default: Setting the name of the VM: 18_default_1566103400563_66799==> default: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...==> default: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...    default: Adapter 1: nat==> default: Forwarding ports...    default: 22 (guest) => 2222 (host) (adapter 1)==> default: Booting VM...==> default: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes...    default: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222    default: SSH username: vagrant    default: SSH auth method: private key    default:     default: Vagrant insecure key detected. Vagrant will automatically replace    default: this with a newly generated keypair for better security.    default:     default: Inserting generated public key within guest...    default: Removing insecure key from the guest if it's present...    default: Key inserted! Disconnecting and reconnecting using new SSH key...==> default: Machine booted and ready!==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM...    default: No guest additions were detected on the base box for this VM! Guest    default: additions are required for forwarded ports, shared folders, host only    default: networking, and more. If SSH fails on this machine, please install    default: the guest additions and repackage the box to continue.    default:     default: This is not an error message; everything may continue to work properly,    default: in which case you may ignore this message.==> default: Rsyncing folder: /Users/zhaoqin/temp/201908/18/ => /vagrant
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  • ssh 登录:


vagrant ssh
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  • 登录成功后,查看虚拟机操作系统版本,可见是 centos7.6:


[vagrant@localhost ~]$ cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
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  • 退出 ssh,回到控制台:


exit
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基本命令

  • 关闭虚拟机:


vagrant halt
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  • 启动虚拟机:


vagrant up
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  • 重启虚拟机:


vagrant reload
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  • 删除虚拟机:


vagrant destroy
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修改配置

  • 接下来尝试修改虚拟机的配置文件 Vagrantfile,在 Vagrantfile 中添加如下图红框中的内容,作用是将虚拟机内存设置为 2G:


  • 执行 vagrant reload 重启虚拟机,然后执行 vagrant ssh 进入虚拟机,执行 free -m 查看内存情况,可见设置已经生效:


(base) zhaoqindeMBP:18 zhaoqin$ vagrant sshLast login: Sun Aug 18 08:09:43 2019 from 10.0.2.2[vagrant@localhost ~]$ free -m              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   availableMem:           1838          70        1655           8         112        1624Swap:          2047           0        2047
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  • 至此,Mac 下的 vagrant 安装和体验就完成了,希望本文能给您一些参考,帮助您快速搭建虚拟机环境。

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