JMeter 笔记 10 | JMeter 检查点
作者：虫无涯
- 2023-06-08 陕西
本文字数：8862 字
阅读完需：约 29 分钟
1 关于检查点
其实就是断言，那什么是断言？之前我们对几个接口进行了请求，并设置了查看结果树，我们人工检查它是对的。那如果数据量多或者做性能测试的时候，不可能人工挨个看，我们可以通过设置断言组件来进行结果或者响应检查；
2 断言
断言组件是通过获取服务器响应数据，然后根据断言规则去匹配这想响应数据；
如果匹配不到，出现异常时，JMeter 就会断定这个事务失败；
查看结果树中看到请求失败的事务的请求名称是红色字体；
以下以响应断言组件为例来说明断言的一些应用；
实际应用中响应断言可满足 80%以上的验证问题。
3 响应断言（Response Assertion）
3.1 参数说明
4 实例说明
在JMeter笔记9 | JMeter参数化的基础上加上响应断言即可；
即在“1-获取 token”请求加上响应断言；
在“1-1-获取用户列表”请求加上响应断言。
4.1 获取 token 接口加响应断言
添加【响应断言】，设置参数如下：
说明：即通过响应代码 201 来匹配响应是否成功。
4.2 获取用户列表接口加响应断言
添加【响应断言】，设置参数如下：
说明：通过设置测试模式
"page":1，看响应文本中是否包含"page":1来判断是否成功。
4.3 查看运行结果
5 本文涉及到的脚本
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><jmeterTestPlan version="1.2" properties="5.0" jmeter="5.3"> <hashTree> <TestPlan guiclass="TestPlanGui" testclass="TestPlan" testname="测试计划" enabled="true"> <stringProp name="TestPlan.comments"></stringProp> <boolProp name="TestPlan.functional_mode">false</boolProp> <boolProp name="TestPlan.tearDown_on_shutdown">true</boolProp> <boolProp name="TestPlan.serialize_threadgroups">false</boolProp> <elementProp name="TestPlan.user_defined_variables" elementType="Arguments" guiclass="ArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" testname="用户定义的变量" enabled="true"> <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments"> <elementProp name="COMMON" elementType="Argument"> <stringProp name="Argument.name">COMMON</stringProp> <stringProp name="Argument.value">/zentao/api.php/v1</stringProp> <stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp> </elementProp> </collectionProp> </elementProp> <stringProp name="TestPlan.user_define_classpath"></stringProp> </TestPlan> <hashTree> <HeaderManager guiclass="HeaderPanel" testclass="HeaderManager" testname="HTTP信息头管理器" enabled="true"> <collectionProp name="HeaderManager.headers"> <elementProp name="" elementType="Header"> <stringProp name="Header.name">Content-Type</stringProp> <stringProp name="Header.value">application/json</stringProp> </elementProp> </collectionProp> </HeaderManager> <hashTree/> <ConfigTestElement guiclass="HttpDefaultsGui" testclass="ConfigTestElement" testname="HTTP请求默认值" enabled="true"> <elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments" guiclass="HTTPArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" testname="用户定义的变量" enabled="true"> <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments"/> </elementProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain">127.0.0.1</stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port">80</stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol">http</stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding">UTF-8</stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.concurrentPool">6</stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout"></stringProp> </ConfigTestElement> <hashTree/> <ThreadGroup guiclass="ThreadGroupGui" testclass="ThreadGroup" testname="禅道接口" enabled="true"> <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.on_sample_error">continue</stringProp> <elementProp name="ThreadGroup.main_controller" elementType="LoopController" guiclass="LoopControlPanel" testclass="LoopController" testname="循环控制器" enabled="true"> <boolProp name="LoopController.continue_forever">false</boolProp> <stringProp name="LoopController.loops">1</stringProp> </elementProp> <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.num_threads">1</stringProp> <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.ramp_time">1</stringProp> <boolProp name="ThreadGroup.scheduler">false</boolProp> <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.duration"></stringProp> <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.delay"></stringProp> <boolProp name="ThreadGroup.same_user_on_next_iteration">true</boolProp> </ThreadGroup> <hashTree> <HTTPSamplerProxy guiclass="HttpTestSampleGui" testclass="HTTPSamplerProxy" testname="1-获取token" enabled="true"> <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.postBodyRaw">true</boolProp> <elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments"> <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments"> <elementProp name="" elementType="HTTPArgument"> <boolProp name="HTTPArgument.always_encode">false</boolProp> <stringProp name="Argument.value">{"account": "admin", "password": "123456"}</stringProp> <stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp> </elementProp> </collectionProp> </elementProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding">UTF-8</stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path">/${COMMON}/tokens</stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.method">POST</stringProp> <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.follow_redirects">true</boolProp> <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.auto_redirects">false</boolProp> <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.use_keepalive">true</boolProp> <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.DO_MULTIPART_POST">false</boolProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.embedded_url_re"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout"></stringProp> </HTTPSamplerProxy> <hashTree> <JSONPostProcessor guiclass="JSONPostProcessorGui" testclass="JSONPostProcessor" testname="JSON提取器-提取返回的token" enabled="false"> <stringProp name="JSONPostProcessor.referenceNames">token</stringProp> <stringProp name="JSONPostProcessor.jsonPathExprs">$.token</stringProp> <stringProp name="JSONPostProcessor.match_numbers">1</stringProp> <stringProp name="JSONPostProcessor.defaultValues">无</stringProp> </JSONPostProcessor> <hashTree/> <RegexExtractor guiclass="RegexExtractorGui" testclass="RegexExtractor" testname="正则表达式提取器" enabled="true"> <stringProp name="RegexExtractor.useHeaders">false</stringProp> <stringProp name="RegexExtractor.refname">token</stringProp> <stringProp name="RegexExtractor.regex">"token":"(.*?)"</stringProp> <stringProp name="RegexExtractor.template">$1$</stringProp> <stringProp name="RegexExtractor.default"></stringProp> <stringProp name="RegexExtractor.match_number">1</stringProp> </RegexExtractor> <hashTree/> <ResponseAssertion guiclass="AssertionGui" testclass="ResponseAssertion" testname="响应断言-响应代码" enabled="true"> <collectionProp name="Asserion.test_strings"> <stringProp name="49587">201</stringProp> </collectionProp> <stringProp name="Assertion.custom_message"></stringProp> <stringProp name="Assertion.test_field">Assertion.response_code</stringProp> <boolProp name="Assertion.assume_success">false</boolProp> <intProp name="Assertion.test_type">2</intProp> </ResponseAssertion> <hashTree/> </hashTree> <HTTPSamplerProxy guiclass="HttpTestSampleGui" testclass="HTTPSamplerProxy" testname="1-1-获取用户列表" enabled="true"> <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.postBodyRaw">true</boolProp> <elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments"> <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments"> <elementProp name="" elementType="HTTPArgument"> <boolProp name="HTTPArgument.always_encode">false</boolProp> <stringProp name="Argument.value">{"page": 1,"limit": 20}</stringProp> <stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp> </elementProp> </collectionProp> </elementProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path">/${COMMON}/users</stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.method">GET</stringProp> <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.follow_redirects">true</boolProp> <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.auto_redirects">false</boolProp> <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.use_keepalive">true</boolProp> <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.DO_MULTIPART_POST">false</boolProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.embedded_url_re"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout"></stringProp> </HTTPSamplerProxy> <hashTree> <HeaderManager guiclass="HeaderPanel" testclass="HeaderManager" testname="保持登陆会话" enabled="true"> <collectionProp name="HeaderManager.headers"> <elementProp name="" elementType="Header"> <stringProp name="Header.name">token</stringProp> <stringProp name="Header.value">${token}</stringProp> </elementProp> </collectionProp> </HeaderManager> <hashTree/> <ResponseAssertion guiclass="AssertionGui" testclass="ResponseAssertion" testname="响应断言-响应文本" enabled="true"> <collectionProp name="Asserion.test_strings"> <stringProp name="-1677599864">"page":1</stringProp> </collectionProp> <stringProp name="Assertion.custom_message"></stringProp> <stringProp name="Assertion.test_field">Assertion.response_data</stringProp> <boolProp name="Assertion.assume_success">false</boolProp> <intProp name="Assertion.test_type">2</intProp> </ResponseAssertion> <hashTree/> </hashTree> <HTTPSamplerProxy guiclass="HttpTestSampleGui" testclass="HTTPSamplerProxy" testname="2-创建用户" enabled="true"> <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.postBodyRaw">true</boolProp> <elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments"> <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments"> <elementProp name="" elementType="HTTPArgument"> <boolProp name="HTTPArgument.always_encode">false</boolProp> <stringProp name="Argument.value">{"account": "${account}", "password": "${password}", "realname": "测试用户"}</stringProp> <stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp> </elementProp> </collectionProp> </elementProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding">UTF-8</stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path">/${COMMON}/users</stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.method">POST</stringProp> <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.follow_redirects">true</boolProp> <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.auto_redirects">false</boolProp> <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.use_keepalive">true</boolProp> <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.DO_MULTIPART_POST">false</boolProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.embedded_url_re"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout"></stringProp> </HTTPSamplerProxy> <hashTree> <HeaderManager guiclass="HeaderPanel" testclass="HeaderManager" testname="保持登陆会话" enabled="true"> <collectionProp name="HeaderManager.headers"> <elementProp name="" elementType="Header"> <stringProp name="Header.name">token</stringProp> <stringProp name="Header.value">${token}</stringProp> </elementProp> </collectionProp> </HeaderManager> <hashTree/> <CSVDataSet guiclass="TestBeanGUI" testclass="CSVDataSet" testname="CSV 数据文件设置" enabled="true"> <stringProp name="filename">D:/A_jmeter_test/create_user.txt</stringProp> <stringProp name="fileEncoding">UTF-8</stringProp> <stringProp name="variableNames">account,password</stringProp> <boolProp name="ignoreFirstLine">true</boolProp> <stringProp name="delimiter">,</stringProp> <boolProp name="quotedData">false</boolProp> <boolProp name="recycle">true</boolProp> <boolProp name="stopThread">false</boolProp> <stringProp name="shareMode">shareMode.all</stringProp> </CSVDataSet> <hashTree/> <JSONPostProcessor guiclass="JSONPostProcessorGui" testclass="JSONPostProcessor" testname="JSON提取器" enabled="true"> <stringProp name="JSONPostProcessor.referenceNames">id</stringProp> <stringProp name="JSONPostProcessor.jsonPathExprs">$.id</stringProp> <stringProp name="JSONPostProcessor.match_numbers">1</stringProp> <stringProp name="JSONPostProcessor.defaultValues">NULL</stringProp> </JSONPostProcessor> <hashTree/> </hashTree> <HTTPSamplerProxy guiclass="HttpTestSampleGui" testclass="HTTPSamplerProxy" testname="3-删除用户" enabled="true"> <elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments" guiclass="HTTPArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" testname="用户定义的变量" enabled="true"> <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments"/> </elementProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding">UTF-8</stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path">/${COMMON}/users/${id}</stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.method">DELETE</stringProp> <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.follow_redirects">true</boolProp> <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.auto_redirects">false</boolProp> <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.use_keepalive">true</boolProp> <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.DO_MULTIPART_POST">false</boolProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.embedded_url_re"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout"></stringProp> <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout"></stringProp> </HTTPSamplerProxy> <hashTree> <HeaderManager guiclass="HeaderPanel" testclass="HeaderManager" testname="保持登陆会话" enabled="true"> <collectionProp name="HeaderManager.headers"> <elementProp name="" elementType="Header"> <stringProp name="Header.name">token</stringProp> <stringProp name="Header.value">${token}</stringProp> </elementProp> </collectionProp> </HeaderManager> <hashTree/> </hashTree> </hashTree> <ResultCollector guiclass="ViewResultsFullVisualizer" testclass="ResultCollector" testname="察看结果树" enabled="true"> <boolProp name="ResultCollector.error_logging">false</boolProp> <objProp> <name>saveConfig</name> <value class="SampleSaveConfiguration"> <time>true</time> <latency>true</latency> <timestamp>true</timestamp> <success>true</success> <label>true</label> <code>true</code> <message>true</message> <threadName>true</threadName> <dataType>true</dataType> <encoding>false</encoding> <assertions>true</assertions> <subresults>true</subresults> <responseData>false</responseData> <samplerData>false</samplerData> <xml>false</xml> <fieldNames>true</fieldNames> <responseHeaders>false</responseHeaders> <requestHeaders>false</requestHeaders> <responseDataOnError>false</responseDataOnError> <saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>true</saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage> <assertionsResultsToSave>0</assertionsResultsToSave> <bytes>true</bytes> <sentBytes>true</sentBytes> <url>true</url> <threadCounts>true</threadCounts> <idleTime>true</idleTime> <connectTime>true</connectTime> </value> </objProp> <stringProp name="filename"></stringProp> </ResultCollector> <hashTree/> </hashTree> </hashTree></jmeterTestPlan>
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版权声明: 本文为 InfoQ 作者【虫无涯】的原创文章。
原文链接:【http://xie.infoq.cn/article/fd15509e582351702fb83d1e0】。文章转载请联系作者。
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