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您可知道如何通过`HTTP2`实现 TCP 的内网穿透???

  • 2024-04-30
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  • 本文字数:10916 字

    阅读完需:约 36 分钟

可能有人很疑惑应用层 转发传输层?,为什么会有这样的需求啊???哈哈技术无所不用其极,由于一些场景下,对于一个服务器存在某一个内部网站中,但是对于这个服务器它没有访问外网的权限,虽然也可以申请端口访问外部指定的 ip+端口,但是对于访问服务内部的 TCP 的时候我们就会发现忘记申请了!这个时候我们又要提交申请,又要等审批,然后开通端口,对于这个步骤不是一般的麻烦,所以我在想是否可以直接利用现有的 Http 网关的端口进行转发内部的 TCP 服务?这个时候我询问了我们的老九大佬,由于我之前也做过通过 H2 实现 HTTP 内网穿透,可以利用 H2 将内部网络中的服务映射出来,但是由于底层是基于 yarp 的一些方法实现,所以并没有考虑过 TCP,然后于老九大佬交流深究,决定尝试验证可行性,然后我们的Taibai项目就诞生了,为什么叫Taibai?您仔细看看这个拼音,翻译过来就是太白,确实全称应该叫太白金星,寓意上天遁地无所不能!下面我们介绍一下具体实现逻辑,确实您仔细看会发现实现是真的超级简单的!


创建 Core 项目用于共用的核心类库


创建项目名Taibai.Core

下面几个方法都是用于操作 Stream 的类

DelegatingStream.cs

namespace Taibai.Core;
/// <summary>/// 委托流/// </summary>public abstract class DelegatingStream : Stream{ /// <summary> /// 获取所包装的流对象 /// </summary> protected readonly Stream Inner;
/// <summary> /// 委托流 /// </summary> /// <param name="inner"></param> public DelegatingStream(Stream inner) { this.Inner = inner; }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override bool CanRead => Inner.CanRead;
/// <inheritdoc/> public override bool CanSeek => Inner.CanSeek;
/// <inheritdoc/> public override bool CanWrite => Inner.CanWrite;
/// <inheritdoc/> public override long Length => Inner.Length;
/// <inheritdoc/> public override bool CanTimeout => Inner.CanTimeout;
/// <inheritdoc/> public override int ReadTimeout { get => Inner.ReadTimeout; set => Inner.ReadTimeout = value; }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override int WriteTimeout { get => Inner.WriteTimeout; set => Inner.WriteTimeout = value; }

/// <inheritdoc/> public override long Position { get => Inner.Position; set => Inner.Position = value; }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override void Flush() { Inner.Flush(); }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override Task FlushAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken) { return Inner.FlushAsync(cancellationToken); }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override int Read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count) { return Inner.Read(buffer, offset, count); }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override int Read(Span<byte> destination) { return Inner.Read(destination); }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override Task<int> ReadAsync(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { return Inner.ReadAsync(buffer, offset, count, cancellationToken); }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override ValueTask<int> ReadAsync(Memory<byte> destination, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default) { return Inner.ReadAsync(destination, cancellationToken); }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override long Seek(long offset, SeekOrigin origin) { return Inner.Seek(offset, origin); }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override void SetLength(long value) { Inner.SetLength(value); }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override void Write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count) { Inner.Write(buffer, offset, count); }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override void Write(ReadOnlySpan<byte> source) { Inner.Write(source); }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override Task WriteAsync(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { return Inner.WriteAsync(buffer, offset, count, cancellationToken); }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override ValueTask WriteAsync(ReadOnlyMemory<byte> source, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default) { return Inner.WriteAsync(source, cancellationToken); }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override IAsyncResult BeginRead(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count, AsyncCallback? callback, object? state) { return TaskToAsyncResult.Begin(ReadAsync(buffer, offset, count), callback, state); }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override int EndRead(IAsyncResult asyncResult) { return TaskToAsyncResult.End<int>(asyncResult); }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override IAsyncResult BeginWrite(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count, AsyncCallback? callback, object? state) { return TaskToAsyncResult.Begin(WriteAsync(buffer, offset, count), callback, state); }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override void EndWrite(IAsyncResult asyncResult) { TaskToAsyncResult.End(asyncResult); }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override int ReadByte() { return Inner.ReadByte(); }
/// <inheritdoc/> public override void WriteByte(byte value) { Inner.WriteByte(value); }
/// <inheritdoc/> public sealed override void Close() { base.Close(); }}
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SafeWriteStream.cs

public class SafeWriteStream(Stream inner) : DelegatingStream(inner){    private readonly SemaphoreSlim semaphoreSlim = new(1, 1);
public override async ValueTask WriteAsync(ReadOnlyMemory<byte> source, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default) { try { await this.semaphoreSlim.WaitAsync(CancellationToken.None); await base.WriteAsync(source, cancellationToken); await this.FlushAsync(cancellationToken); } finally { this.semaphoreSlim.Release(); } }
public override ValueTask DisposeAsync() { this.semaphoreSlim.Dispose(); return this.Inner.DisposeAsync(); }
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing) { this.semaphoreSlim.Dispose(); this.Inner.Dispose(); }}
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创建服务端


创建一个WebAPI的项目项目名Taibai.Server并且依赖Taibai.Core项目

创建ServerService.cs,这个类是用于管理内网的客户端的,这个一般是部署在内网服务器上,用于将内网的端口映射出来,但是我们的 Demo 只实现了简单的管理不做端口的管理。

using System.Collections.Concurrent;using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Features;using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Timeouts;using Taibai.Core;
namespace Taibai.Server;
public static class ServerService{ private static readonly ConcurrentDictionary<string, (CancellationToken, Stream)> ClusterConnections = new();
public static async Task StartAsync(HttpContext context) { // 如果不是http2协议,我们不处理, 因为我们只支持http2 if (context.Request.Protocol != HttpProtocol.Http2) { return; }
// 获取query var query = context.Request.Query;
// 我们需要强制要求name参数 var name = query["name"];
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name)) { context.Response.StatusCode = 400; Console.WriteLine("Name is required"); return; } Console.WriteLine("Accepted connection from " + name);
// 获取http2特性 var http2Feature = context.Features.Get<IHttpExtendedConnectFeature>(); // 禁用超时 context.Features.Get<IHttpRequestTimeoutFeature>()?.DisableTimeout();
// 得到双工流 var stream = new SafeWriteStream(await http2Feature.AcceptAsync());
// 将其添加到集合中,以便我们可以在其他地方使用 CreateConnectionChannel(name, context.RequestAborted, stream);
// 注册取消连接 context.RequestAborted.Register(() => { // 当取消时,我们需要从集合中删除 ClusterConnections.TryRemove(name, out _); }); // 由于我们需要保持连接,所以我们需要等待,直到客户端主动断开连接。 await Task.Delay(-1, context.RequestAborted); }
/// <summary> /// 通过名称获取连接 /// </summary> /// <param name="host"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static (CancellationToken, Stream) GetConnectionChannel(string host) { return ClusterConnections[host]; }
/// <summary> /// 注册连接 /// </summary> /// <param name="host"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <param name="stream"></param> public static void CreateConnectionChannel(string host, CancellationToken cancellationToken, Stream stream) { ClusterConnections.GetOrAdd(host, _ => (cancellationToken, stream)); }}
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然后再创建ClientMiddleware.cs,并且继承IMiddleware,这个是我们本地使用的客户端链接的时候进入的中间件,再这个中间件会获取 query 中携带的 name 去找到指定的 Stream,然后会将客户端的 Stream 和获取的 server 的 Stream 进行 Copy,在这里他们会将读取的数据写入到对方的流中,这样就实现了双工通信

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Features;using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Timeouts;using Taibai.Core;
namespace Taibai.Server;
public class ClientMiddleware : IMiddleware{ public async Task InvokeAsync(HttpContext context, RequestDelegate next) { // 如果不是http2协议,我们不处理, 因为我们只支持http2 if (context.Request.Protocol != HttpProtocol.Http2) { return; }
var name = context.Request.Query["name"];
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name)) { context.Response.StatusCode = 400; Console.WriteLine("Name is required"); return; } Console.WriteLine("Accepted connection from " + name);
var http2Feature = context.Features.Get<IHttpExtendedConnectFeature>(); context.Features.Get<IHttpRequestTimeoutFeature>()?.DisableTimeout();
// 得到双工流 var stream = new SafeWriteStream(await http2Feature.AcceptAsync());
// 通过name找到指定的server链接,然后进行转发。 var (cancellationToken, reader) = ServerService.GetConnectionChannel(name);
try { // 注册取消连接 cancellationToken.Register(() => { Console.WriteLine("断开连接"); stream.Close(); });
// 得到客户端的流,然后给我们的SafeWriteStream,然后我们就可以进行转发了 var socketStream = new SafeWriteStream(reader);
// 在这里他们会将读取的数据写入到对方的流中,这样就实现了双工通信,这个非常简单并且性能也不错。 await Task.WhenAll( stream.CopyToAsync(socketStream, context.RequestAborted), socketStream.CopyToAsync(stream, context.RequestAborted) ); } catch (Exception e) { Console.WriteLine("断开连接" + e.Message); throw; } }}
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打开Program.cs

using Taibai.Server;
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(new WebApplicationOptions());
builder.Host.ConfigureHostOptions(host => { host.ShutdownTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1d); });
builder.Services.AddSingleton<ClientMiddleware>();
var app = builder.Build();
app.Map("/server", app =>{ app.Use(Middleware);
static async Task Middleware(HttpContext context, RequestDelegate _) { await ServerService.StartAsync(context); }});
app.Map("/client", app => { app.UseMiddleware<ClientMiddleware>(); });
app.Run();
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在这里我们将 server 的所有路由都交过ServerService.StartAsync接管,再server会请求这个地址,而/client则给了ClientMiddleware中间件。


创建客户端


上面我们实现了服务端,其实服务端可以完全放置到现有的 WebApi 项目当中的,而且代码也不是很多。

客户端我们创建一个控制台项目名:Taibai.Client,并且依赖Taibai.Core项目

由于我们的客户端有些特殊,再 server 中部署的它不需要监听端口,它只需要将服务器的数据转发到指定的一个地址即可,所以我们需要将客户端的 server 部署的和本地部署的分开实现,再服务器部署的客户端我们命名为MonitorClient.cs

ClientOption.cs用于传递我们的客户端地址配置

public class ClientOption{    /// <summary>    /// 服务地址    /// </summary>    public string ServiceUri { get; set; }    }
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MonitorClient.cs,作为服务器的转发客户端。

using System.Net;using System.Net.Security;using System.Net.Sockets;using Taibai.Core;
namespace Taibai.Client;
public class MonitorClient(ClientOption option){ private string Protocol = "taibai"; private readonly HttpMessageInvoker httpClient = new(CreateDefaultHttpHandler(), true); private readonly Socket socket = new(SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
private static SocketsHttpHandler CreateDefaultHttpHandler() { return new SocketsHttpHandler { // 允许多个http2连接 EnableMultipleHttp2Connections = true, // 设置连接超时时间 ConnectTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60), SslOptions = new SslClientAuthenticationOptions { // 由于我们没有证书,所以我们需要设置为true RemoteCertificateValidationCallback = (_, _, _, _) => true, }, }; }
public async Task TransportAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken) { Console.WriteLine("链接中!");
// 由于是测试,我们就目前先写死远程地址 await socket.ConnectAsync(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.31.250"), 3389), cancellationToken);
Console.WriteLine("连接成功");
// 将Socket转换为流 var stream = new NetworkStream(socket); try { // 创建服务器的连接,然后返回一个流,这个是H2的流 var serverStream = await this.CreateServerConnectionAsync(cancellationToken);
Console.WriteLine("链接服务器成功");
// 将两个流连接起来,这样我们就可以进行双工通信了。它们会自动进行数据的传输。 await Task.WhenAll( stream.CopyToAsync(serverStream, cancellationToken), serverStream.CopyToAsync(stream, cancellationToken) ); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); throw; } }
/// <summary> /// 创建服务器的连接 /// </summary> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <exception cref="OperationCanceledException"></exception> /// <returns></returns> public async Task<SafeWriteStream> CreateServerConnectionAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken) { var stream = await Http20ConnectServerAsync(cancellationToken); return new SafeWriteStream(stream); }
/// <summary> /// 创建http2连接 /// </summary> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> private async Task<Stream> Http20ConnectServerAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken) { var serverUri = new Uri(option.ServiceUri); // 这里我们使用Connect方法,因为我们需要建立一个双工流, 这样我们就可以进行双工通信了。 var request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Connect, serverUri); // 如果设置了Connect,那么我们需要设置Protocol request.Headers.Protocol = Protocol; // 我们需要设置http2的版本 request.Version = HttpVersion.Version20; // 我们需要确保我们的请求是http2的 request.VersionPolicy = HttpVersionPolicy.RequestVersionExact;
// 设置一下超时时间,这样我们就可以在超时的时候取消连接了。 using var timeoutTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60)); using var linkedTokenSource = CancellationTokenSource.CreateLinkedTokenSource(timeoutTokenSource.Token, cancellationToken);
// 发送请求,然后等待响应 var httpResponse = await this.httpClient.SendAsync(request, linkedTokenSource.Token);
// 返回h2的流,用于传输数据 return await httpResponse.Content.ReadAsStreamAsync(linkedTokenSource.Token); }}
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创建我们的本地客户端实现类。


Client.cs这个就是在我们本地部署的服务,然后会监听本地的 60112 的端口,然后会吧这个端口的数据转发到我们的服务器,然后服务器会根据我们使用的 name 去找到指定的客户端进行交互传输。

using System.Net;using System.Net.Security;using System.Net.Sockets;using Taibai.Core;using HttpMethod = System.Net.Http.HttpMethod;
namespace Taibai.Client;

public class Client{ private readonly ClientOption option;
private string Protocol = "taibai"; private readonly HttpMessageInvoker httpClient; private readonly Socket socket;
public Client(ClientOption option) { this.option = option; this.httpClient = new HttpMessageInvoker(CreateDefaultHttpHandler(), true);
this.socket = new Socket(SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
// 监听本地端口 this.socket.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Loopback, 60112)); this.socket.Listen(10); }
private static SocketsHttpHandler CreateDefaultHttpHandler() { return new SocketsHttpHandler { // 允许多个http2连接 EnableMultipleHttp2Connections = true, ConnectTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60), ResponseDrainTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60), SslOptions = new SslClientAuthenticationOptions { // 由于我们没有证书,所以我们需要设置为true RemoteCertificateValidationCallback = (sender, certificate, chain, sslPolicyErrors) => true, }, }; }
public async Task TransportAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken) { Console.WriteLine("Listening on 60112");
// 等待客户端连接 var client = await this.socket.AcceptAsync(cancellationToken);
Console.WriteLine("Accepted connection from " + client.RemoteEndPoint);
try { // 将Socket转换为流 var stream = new NetworkStream(client);
// 创建服务器的连接,然后返回一个流, 这个是H2的流 var serverStream = await this.CreateServerConnectionAsync(cancellationToken);
Console.WriteLine("Connected to server");
// 将两个流连接起来, 这样我们就可以进行双工通信了. 它们会自动进行数据的传输. await Task.WhenAll( stream.CopyToAsync(serverStream, cancellationToken), serverStream.CopyToAsync(stream, cancellationToken) ); } catch (Exception e) { Console.WriteLine(e); throw; } }
/// <summary> /// 创建与服务器的连接 /// </summary> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <exception cref="OperationCanceledException"></exception> /// <returns></returns> public async Task<SafeWriteStream> CreateServerConnectionAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken) { var stream = await this.Http20ConnectServerAsync(cancellationToken); return new SafeWriteStream(stream); }
private async Task<Stream> Http20ConnectServerAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken) { var serverUri = new Uri(option.ServiceUri); // 这里我们使用Connect方法, 因为我们需要建立一个双工流 var request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Connect, serverUri);
// 由于我们设置了Connect方法, 所以我们需要设置协议,这样服务器才能识别 request.Headers.Protocol = Protocol; // 设置http2版本 request.Version = HttpVersion.Version20; // 强制使用http2 request.VersionPolicy = HttpVersionPolicy.RequestVersionExact;
using var timeoutTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60)); using var linkedTokenSource = CancellationTokenSource.CreateLinkedTokenSource(timeoutTokenSource.Token, cancellationToken);
// 发送请求,等待服务器验证。 var httpResponse = await this.httpClient.SendAsync(request, linkedTokenSource.Token);
// 返回一个流 return await httpResponse.Content.ReadAsStreamAsync(linkedTokenSource.Token); }}
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然后再Program.cs中,我们封装一个简单的控制台版本。

using Taibai.Client;
const string commandTemplate = @"
当前是 Taibai 客户端,输入以下命令:
- `help` 显示帮助- `monitor` 使用监控模式,监听本地端口,将流量转发到服务端的指定地址 - `monitor=https://localhost:7153/server?name=test` 监听本地端口,将流量转发到服务端指定的客户端名称为 test 的地址- `client` 使用客户端模式,连接服务端的指定地址,将流量转发到本地端口 - `client=https://localhost:7153/client?name=test` 连接服务端指定当前客户端名称为 test,将流量转发到本地端口- `exit` 退出
输入命令:
";
while (true){ Console.WriteLine(commandTemplate);
var command = Console.ReadLine();

if (command?.StartsWith("monitor=") == true) { var client = new MonitorClient(new ClientOption() { ServiceUri = command[8..] });
await client.TransportAsync(new CancellationToken()); } else if (command?.StartsWith("client=") == true) { var client = new Client(new ClientOption() { ServiceUri = command[7..] });
await client.TransportAsync(new CancellationToken()); } else if (command == "help") { Console.WriteLine(commandTemplate); } else if (command == "exit") { Console.WriteLine("Bye!"); break; } else { Console.WriteLine("未知命令"); }}
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我们默认提供了命令去使用指定的一个模式去链接客户端,

然后我们发布一下Taibai.Client,发布完成以后我们使用 ide 启动我们的Taibai.Server,请注意我们需要使用 HTTPS 进行启动的,HTTP 是不支持 H2 的!

然后再客户端中打开俩个控制台面板,一个作为监听的 monitor,一个作为 client 进行链接到我们的服务器中。




然后我们使用远程桌面访问我们的127.0.0.1:60112,然后我们发现链接成功!如果您跟着写代码您会您发您也成功了,哦耶您获得了一个牛逼的技能,来源于微软 MVP token 的双休大法的传授!



文章转载自:tokengo

原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/hejiale010426/p/18166935

体验地址:http://www.jnpfsoft.com/?from=infoq

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