您可知道如何通过`HTTP2`实现 TCP 的内网穿透???
- 2024-04-30 福建
本文字数:10916 字
阅读完需:约 36 分钟
可能有人很疑惑应用层 转发传输层?
,为什么会有这样的需求啊???哈哈技术无所不用其极,由于一些场景下,对于一个服务器存在某一个内部网站中,但是对于这个服务器它没有访问外网的权限,虽然也可以申请端口访问外部指定的 ip+端口,但是对于访问服务内部的 TCP 的时候我们就会发现忘记申请了!这个时候我们又要提交申请,又要等审批,然后开通端口,对于这个步骤不是一般的麻烦,所以我在想是否可以直接利用现有的 Http 网关的端口进行转发内部的 TCP 服务?这个时候我询问了我们的老九
大佬,由于我之前也做过通过 H2 实现 HTTP 内网穿透,可以利用 H2 将内部网络中的服务映射出来,但是由于底层是基于 yarp 的一些方法实现,所以并没有考虑过 TCP,然后于老九
大佬交流深究,决定尝试验证可行性,然后我们的Taibai
项目就诞生了,为什么叫Taibai
?您仔细看看这个拼音,翻译过来就是太白,确实全称应该叫太白金星,寓意上天遁地无所不能!下面我们介绍一下具体实现逻辑,确实您仔细看会发现实现是真的超级简单的!
创建 Core 项目用于共用的核心类库
创建项目名Taibai.Core
下面几个方法都是用于操作 Stream 的类
DelegatingStream.cs
namespace Taibai.Core;
/// <summary>
/// 委托流
/// </summary>
public abstract class DelegatingStream : Stream
{
/// <summary>
/// 获取所包装的流对象
/// </summary>
protected readonly Stream Inner;
/// <summary>
/// 委托流
/// </summary>
/// <param name="inner"></param>
public DelegatingStream(Stream inner)
{
this.Inner = inner;
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override bool CanRead => Inner.CanRead;
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override bool CanSeek => Inner.CanSeek;
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override bool CanWrite => Inner.CanWrite;
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override long Length => Inner.Length;
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override bool CanTimeout => Inner.CanTimeout;
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override int ReadTimeout
{
get => Inner.ReadTimeout;
set => Inner.ReadTimeout = value;
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override int WriteTimeout
{
get => Inner.WriteTimeout;
set => Inner.WriteTimeout = value;
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override long Position
{
get => Inner.Position;
set => Inner.Position = value;
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override void Flush()
{
Inner.Flush();
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override Task FlushAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
return Inner.FlushAsync(cancellationToken);
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override int Read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)
{
return Inner.Read(buffer, offset, count);
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override int Read(Span<byte> destination)
{
return Inner.Read(destination);
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override Task<int> ReadAsync(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
return Inner.ReadAsync(buffer, offset, count, cancellationToken);
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override ValueTask<int> ReadAsync(Memory<byte> destination, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
return Inner.ReadAsync(destination, cancellationToken);
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override long Seek(long offset, SeekOrigin origin)
{
return Inner.Seek(offset, origin);
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override void SetLength(long value)
{
Inner.SetLength(value);
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override void Write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)
{
Inner.Write(buffer, offset, count);
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override void Write(ReadOnlySpan<byte> source)
{
Inner.Write(source);
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override Task WriteAsync(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
return Inner.WriteAsync(buffer, offset, count, cancellationToken);
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override ValueTask WriteAsync(ReadOnlyMemory<byte> source, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
return Inner.WriteAsync(source, cancellationToken);
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override IAsyncResult BeginRead(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count, AsyncCallback? callback, object? state)
{
return TaskToAsyncResult.Begin(ReadAsync(buffer, offset, count), callback, state);
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override int EndRead(IAsyncResult asyncResult)
{
return TaskToAsyncResult.End<int>(asyncResult);
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override IAsyncResult BeginWrite(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count, AsyncCallback? callback,
object? state)
{
return TaskToAsyncResult.Begin(WriteAsync(buffer, offset, count), callback, state);
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override void EndWrite(IAsyncResult asyncResult)
{
TaskToAsyncResult.End(asyncResult);
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override int ReadByte()
{
return Inner.ReadByte();
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public override void WriteByte(byte value)
{
Inner.WriteByte(value);
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public sealed override void Close()
{
base.Close();
}
}
SafeWriteStream.cs
public class SafeWriteStream(Stream inner) : DelegatingStream(inner)
{
private readonly SemaphoreSlim semaphoreSlim = new(1, 1);
public override async ValueTask WriteAsync(ReadOnlyMemory<byte> source, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
try
{
await this.semaphoreSlim.WaitAsync(CancellationToken.None);
await base.WriteAsync(source, cancellationToken);
await this.FlushAsync(cancellationToken);
}
finally
{
this.semaphoreSlim.Release();
}
}
public override ValueTask DisposeAsync()
{
this.semaphoreSlim.Dispose();
return this.Inner.DisposeAsync();
}
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
this.semaphoreSlim.Dispose();
this.Inner.Dispose();
}
}
创建服务端
创建一个WebAPI
的项目项目名Taibai.Server
并且依赖Taibai.Core
项目
创建ServerService.cs
,这个类是用于管理内网的客户端的,这个一般是部署在内网服务器上,用于将内网的端口映射出来,但是我们的 Demo 只实现了简单的管理不做端口的管理。
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Features;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Timeouts;
using Taibai.Core;
namespace Taibai.Server;
public static class ServerService
{
private static readonly ConcurrentDictionary<string, (CancellationToken, Stream)> ClusterConnections = new();
public static async Task StartAsync(HttpContext context)
{
// 如果不是http2协议,我们不处理, 因为我们只支持http2
if (context.Request.Protocol != HttpProtocol.Http2)
{
return;
}
// 获取query
var query = context.Request.Query;
// 我们需要强制要求name参数
var name = query["name"];
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))
{
context.Response.StatusCode = 400;
Console.WriteLine("Name is required");
return;
}
Console.WriteLine("Accepted connection from " + name);
// 获取http2特性
var http2Feature = context.Features.Get<IHttpExtendedConnectFeature>();
// 禁用超时
context.Features.Get<IHttpRequestTimeoutFeature>()?.DisableTimeout();
// 得到双工流
var stream = new SafeWriteStream(await http2Feature.AcceptAsync());
// 将其添加到集合中,以便我们可以在其他地方使用
CreateConnectionChannel(name, context.RequestAborted, stream);
// 注册取消连接
context.RequestAborted.Register(() =>
{
// 当取消时,我们需要从集合中删除
ClusterConnections.TryRemove(name, out _);
});
// 由于我们需要保持连接,所以我们需要等待,直到客户端主动断开连接。
await Task.Delay(-1, context.RequestAborted);
}
/// <summary>
/// 通过名称获取连接
/// </summary>
/// <param name="host"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static (CancellationToken, Stream) GetConnectionChannel(string host)
{
return ClusterConnections[host];
}
/// <summary>
/// 注册连接
/// </summary>
/// <param name="host"></param>
/// <param name="cancellationToken"></param>
/// <param name="stream"></param>
public static void CreateConnectionChannel(string host, CancellationToken cancellationToken, Stream stream)
{
ClusterConnections.GetOrAdd(host,
_ => (cancellationToken, stream));
}
}
然后再创建ClientMiddleware.cs
,并且继承IMiddleware
,这个是我们本地使用的客户端链接的时候进入的中间件,再这个中间件会获取 query 中携带的 name 去找到指定的 Stream,然后会将客户端的 Stream 和获取的 server 的 Stream 进行 Copy,在这里他们会将读取的数据写入到对方的流中,这样就实现了双工通信
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Features;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Timeouts;
using Taibai.Core;
namespace Taibai.Server;
public class ClientMiddleware : IMiddleware
{
public async Task InvokeAsync(HttpContext context, RequestDelegate next)
{
// 如果不是http2协议,我们不处理, 因为我们只支持http2
if (context.Request.Protocol != HttpProtocol.Http2)
{
return;
}
var name = context.Request.Query["name"];
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))
{
context.Response.StatusCode = 400;
Console.WriteLine("Name is required");
return;
}
Console.WriteLine("Accepted connection from " + name);
var http2Feature = context.Features.Get<IHttpExtendedConnectFeature>();
context.Features.Get<IHttpRequestTimeoutFeature>()?.DisableTimeout();
// 得到双工流
var stream = new SafeWriteStream(await http2Feature.AcceptAsync());
// 通过name找到指定的server链接,然后进行转发。
var (cancellationToken, reader) = ServerService.GetConnectionChannel(name);
try
{
// 注册取消连接
cancellationToken.Register(() =>
{
Console.WriteLine("断开连接");
stream.Close();
});
// 得到客户端的流,然后给我们的SafeWriteStream,然后我们就可以进行转发了
var socketStream = new SafeWriteStream(reader);
// 在这里他们会将读取的数据写入到对方的流中,这样就实现了双工通信,这个非常简单并且性能也不错。
await Task.WhenAll(
stream.CopyToAsync(socketStream, context.RequestAborted),
socketStream.CopyToAsync(stream, context.RequestAborted)
);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine("断开连接" + e.Message);
throw;
}
}
}
打开Program.cs
using Taibai.Server;
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(new WebApplicationOptions());
builder.Host.ConfigureHostOptions(host => { host.ShutdownTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1d); });
builder.Services.AddSingleton<ClientMiddleware>();
var app = builder.Build();
app.Map("/server", app =>
{
app.Use(Middleware);
static async Task Middleware(HttpContext context, RequestDelegate _)
{
await ServerService.StartAsync(context);
}
});
app.Map("/client", app => { app.UseMiddleware<ClientMiddleware>(); });
app.Run();
在这里我们将 server 的所有路由都交过ServerService.StartAsync
接管,再server
会请求这个地址,而/client
则给了ClientMiddleware
中间件。
创建客户端
上面我们实现了服务端,其实服务端可以完全放置到现有的 WebApi 项目当中的,而且代码也不是很多。
客户端我们创建一个控制台项目名:Taibai.Client
,并且依赖Taibai.Core
项目
由于我们的客户端有些特殊,再 server 中部署的它不需要监听端口,它只需要将服务器的数据转发到指定的一个地址即可,所以我们需要将客户端的 server 部署的和本地部署的分开实现,再服务器部署的客户端我们命名为MonitorClient.cs
ClientOption.cs
用于传递我们的客户端地址配置
public class ClientOption
{
/// <summary>
/// 服务地址
/// </summary>
public string ServiceUri { get; set; }
}
MonitorClient.cs
,作为服务器的转发客户端。
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Security;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using Taibai.Core;
namespace Taibai.Client;
public class MonitorClient(ClientOption option)
{
private string Protocol = "taibai";
private readonly HttpMessageInvoker httpClient = new(CreateDefaultHttpHandler(), true);
private readonly Socket socket = new(SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
private static SocketsHttpHandler CreateDefaultHttpHandler()
{
return new SocketsHttpHandler
{
// 允许多个http2连接
EnableMultipleHttp2Connections = true,
// 设置连接超时时间
ConnectTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60),
SslOptions = new SslClientAuthenticationOptions
{
// 由于我们没有证书,所以我们需要设置为true
RemoteCertificateValidationCallback = (_, _, _, _) => true,
},
};
}
public async Task TransportAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
Console.WriteLine("链接中!");
// 由于是测试,我们就目前先写死远程地址
await socket.ConnectAsync(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.31.250"), 3389), cancellationToken);
Console.WriteLine("连接成功");
// 将Socket转换为流
var stream = new NetworkStream(socket);
try
{
// 创建服务器的连接,然后返回一个流,这个是H2的流
var serverStream = await this.CreateServerConnectionAsync(cancellationToken);
Console.WriteLine("链接服务器成功");
// 将两个流连接起来,这样我们就可以进行双工通信了。它们会自动进行数据的传输。
await Task.WhenAll(
stream.CopyToAsync(serverStream, cancellationToken),
serverStream.CopyToAsync(stream, cancellationToken)
);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
throw;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 创建服务器的连接
/// </summary>
/// <param name="cancellationToken"></param>
/// <exception cref="OperationCanceledException"></exception>
/// <returns></returns>
public async Task<SafeWriteStream> CreateServerConnectionAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
var stream = await Http20ConnectServerAsync(cancellationToken);
return new SafeWriteStream(stream);
}
/// <summary>
/// 创建http2连接
/// </summary>
/// <param name="cancellationToken"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private async Task<Stream> Http20ConnectServerAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
var serverUri = new Uri(option.ServiceUri);
// 这里我们使用Connect方法,因为我们需要建立一个双工流, 这样我们就可以进行双工通信了。
var request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Connect, serverUri);
// 如果设置了Connect,那么我们需要设置Protocol
request.Headers.Protocol = Protocol;
// 我们需要设置http2的版本
request.Version = HttpVersion.Version20;
// 我们需要确保我们的请求是http2的
request.VersionPolicy = HttpVersionPolicy.RequestVersionExact;
// 设置一下超时时间,这样我们就可以在超时的时候取消连接了。
using var timeoutTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60));
using var linkedTokenSource =
CancellationTokenSource.CreateLinkedTokenSource(timeoutTokenSource.Token, cancellationToken);
// 发送请求,然后等待响应
var httpResponse = await this.httpClient.SendAsync(request, linkedTokenSource.Token);
// 返回h2的流,用于传输数据
return await httpResponse.Content.ReadAsStreamAsync(linkedTokenSource.Token);
}
}
创建我们的本地客户端实现类。
Client.cs
这个就是在我们本地部署的服务,然后会监听本地的 60112 的端口,然后会吧这个端口的数据转发到我们的服务器,然后服务器会根据我们使用的 name 去找到指定的客户端进行交互传输。
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Security;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using Taibai.Core;
using HttpMethod = System.Net.Http.HttpMethod;
namespace Taibai.Client;
public class Client
{
private readonly ClientOption option;
private string Protocol = "taibai";
private readonly HttpMessageInvoker httpClient;
private readonly Socket socket;
public Client(ClientOption option)
{
this.option = option;
this.httpClient = new HttpMessageInvoker(CreateDefaultHttpHandler(), true);
this.socket = new Socket(SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
// 监听本地端口
this.socket.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Loopback, 60112));
this.socket.Listen(10);
}
private static SocketsHttpHandler CreateDefaultHttpHandler()
{
return new SocketsHttpHandler
{
// 允许多个http2连接
EnableMultipleHttp2Connections = true,
ConnectTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60),
ResponseDrainTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60),
SslOptions = new SslClientAuthenticationOptions
{
// 由于我们没有证书,所以我们需要设置为true
RemoteCertificateValidationCallback = (sender, certificate, chain, sslPolicyErrors) => true,
},
};
}
public async Task TransportAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
Console.WriteLine("Listening on 60112");
// 等待客户端连接
var client = await this.socket.AcceptAsync(cancellationToken);
Console.WriteLine("Accepted connection from " + client.RemoteEndPoint);
try
{
// 将Socket转换为流
var stream = new NetworkStream(client);
// 创建服务器的连接,然后返回一个流, 这个是H2的流
var serverStream = await this.CreateServerConnectionAsync(cancellationToken);
Console.WriteLine("Connected to server");
// 将两个流连接起来, 这样我们就可以进行双工通信了. 它们会自动进行数据的传输.
await Task.WhenAll(
stream.CopyToAsync(serverStream, cancellationToken),
serverStream.CopyToAsync(stream, cancellationToken)
);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e);
throw;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 创建与服务器的连接
/// </summary>
/// <param name="cancellationToken"></param>
/// <exception cref="OperationCanceledException"></exception>
/// <returns></returns>
public async Task<SafeWriteStream> CreateServerConnectionAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
var stream = await this.Http20ConnectServerAsync(cancellationToken);
return new SafeWriteStream(stream);
}
private async Task<Stream> Http20ConnectServerAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
var serverUri = new Uri(option.ServiceUri);
// 这里我们使用Connect方法, 因为我们需要建立一个双工流
var request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Connect, serverUri);
// 由于我们设置了Connect方法, 所以我们需要设置协议,这样服务器才能识别
request.Headers.Protocol = Protocol;
// 设置http2版本
request.Version = HttpVersion.Version20;
// 强制使用http2
request.VersionPolicy = HttpVersionPolicy.RequestVersionExact;
using var timeoutTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60));
using var linkedTokenSource =
CancellationTokenSource.CreateLinkedTokenSource(timeoutTokenSource.Token, cancellationToken);
// 发送请求,等待服务器验证。
var httpResponse = await this.httpClient.SendAsync(request, linkedTokenSource.Token);
// 返回一个流
return await httpResponse.Content.ReadAsStreamAsync(linkedTokenSource.Token);
}
}
然后再Program.cs
中,我们封装一个简单的控制台版本。
using Taibai.Client;
const string commandTemplate = @"
当前是 Taibai 客户端,输入以下命令:
- `help` 显示帮助
- `monitor` 使用监控模式,监听本地端口,将流量转发到服务端的指定地址
- `monitor=https://localhost:7153/server?name=test` 监听本地端口,将流量转发到服务端指定的客户端名称为 test 的地址
- `client` 使用客户端模式,连接服务端的指定地址,将流量转发到本地端口
- `client=https://localhost:7153/client?name=test` 连接服务端指定当前客户端名称为 test,将流量转发到本地端口
- `exit` 退出
输入命令:
";
while (true)
{
Console.WriteLine(commandTemplate);
var command = Console.ReadLine();
if (command?.StartsWith("monitor=") == true)
{
var client = new MonitorClient(new ClientOption()
{
ServiceUri = command[8..]
});
await client.TransportAsync(new CancellationToken());
}
else if (command?.StartsWith("client=") == true)
{
var client = new Client(new ClientOption()
{
ServiceUri = command[7..]
});
await client.TransportAsync(new CancellationToken());
}
else if (command == "help")
{
Console.WriteLine(commandTemplate);
}
else if (command == "exit")
{
Console.WriteLine("Bye!");
break;
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("未知命令");
}
}
我们默认提供了命令去使用指定的一个模式去链接客户端,
然后我们发布一下Taibai.Client
,发布完成以后我们使用 ide 启动我们的Taibai.Server
,请注意我们需要使用 HTTPS 进行启动的,HTTP 是不支持 H2 的!
然后再客户端中打开俩个控制台面板,一个作为监听的 monitor,一个作为 client 进行链接到我们的服务器中。
然后我们使用远程桌面访问我们的127.0.0.1:60112
,然后我们发现链接成功!如果您跟着写代码您会您发您也成功了,哦耶您获得了一个牛逼的技能,来源于微软 MVP token 的双休大法的传授!
文章转载自:tokengo
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