《Operating System Concepts》学习第 63 天，p738-p747 总结，总计 10 页。

一、技术总结

1.network structure

local-area networks (LAN)、wide-area networks (WAN).

2.communication structure

naming and name resolution、communication protocols。

(1)domain-name system(DNS)

The Internet system for resolving host names to host-ids, in which a distributed information system provides host-name-to-network-address translations for the Internet.

(2)Open Systems Inter-connection (OSI) model

1)physical layer

2)link layer

3)network layer

4)transport layer

5)session layer

6)presentation layer

7)application layer

即七层模型，现实中这个模型并未实现。现实中使用最广泛的是“TCP/IP 模型(也称为 Internet model)”。but，直到今天，依然还是记不住这些层次的顺序及名称。

3.ethernet address

即 MAC 地址(media access control address 或 medium access control address， media 是 medium 的复数形式)。

二、英语总结(生词：3)

1.faculty

(1)faculty: fac-("to do")

c. a special ability to do sth(能力)；the people who teach in a university(教职工)。

(2)示例

For instance, site A might have hosts named program, student, faculty, and cs(《Operating System Concepts》第 738 页)。

2.canonical

(1)canon

c. a general principle by which sth is judge(准则，标准)。

(2)canonical

ad. according a rule(遵循标准的，规范的)。

(3)示例

"In fact, in the early days of the ARPANET there was a canonical host file that was copied to every system periodically(《Operating System Concepts》第 739 页)。

3.legacy

(1)legacy: legare("a body of persons sent on a mission(被派去执行任务的一群人)")

c. over time, the sense of "being sent" evolved into "sth handed down"， especially in legal or contexts。sth that remains from an earlier time(遗产，遗留问题)。

每次看到 legacy 这个单词总是想到"legal"，然后将其理解成 legal 的名词形式——“”合法性”，其实 legal 的名词形式是 legality。当然，至所以出现这样的问题是因为我不知道 legality 这个词然后又不查，这里梳理下，纠正这种错误的习惯。

(2)示例

This legacy is still showing itself today, as adding security to existing infrastructure is proving to be difficult and complex(《Operating System Concepts》第 744 页)。

关于英语的注解同步更新汇总到 https://github.com/codists/English-In-CS-Books 仓库。

三、其它

今天没有什么想说的。

四、参考资料

1. 编程

(1) Abraham Silberschatz，Peter Baer Galvin，Greg Gagne《Operating System Concepts》：https://book.douban.com/subject/30272539/

2. 英语

(1) Etymology Dictionary：https://www.etymonline.com

(2) Cambridge Dictionary：https://dictionary.cambridge.org

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