Android SpannableString 详细解析

可以看出所有 Span 都继承于 CharacterStyle 这个抽象类，另外 MetricAffectingSpan、ReplacementSpan 和 ClickableSpan 都是抽象类，下面展示一些常用的 Span

ForegroundColorSpan 前景色

SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("如果我是陈奕迅");

ForegroundColorSpan foregroundColorSpan = new ForegroundColorSpan(Color.GREEN);

spannableString.setSpan(foregroundColorSpan, 4, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

mTextView.setText(spannableString);

ForegroundColorSpan：前景色，也就是对文字上色，颜色设置为 GREEN，start 为 4，end 为 7，应该是“陈奕迅”三个字显示为绿色，看一下实际效果

BackgroudColorSpan 背景色

SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("如果我是陈奕迅");

BackgroundColorSpan backgroundColorSpan = new BackgroundColorSpan(Color.GREEN);

spannableString.setSpan(backgroundColorSpan, 4, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

mTextView.setText(spannableString);

BackgroudColorSpan：与 ForegroundColorSpan 类似，对文字背景上色

ClickableSpan 点击事件

SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("如果我是陈奕迅");

ClickableSpan clickableSpan = new ClickableSpan() {

@Override

public void onClick(View widget) {

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "如果我是陈奕迅", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

@Override

public void updateDrawState(TextPaint ds) {

ds.setUnderlineText(false);

}

};

spannableString.setSpan(clickableSpan, 4, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

mTextView.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance());

mTextView.setText(spannableString);

ClickableSpan：是一个抽象类，实现可点击效果，可以重写 onClick 方法实现点击事件，这里点击“陈奕迅”三个字简单地弹 toast

URLSpan 超链接

SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("如果我是陈奕迅");

URLSpan urlSpan = new URLSpan("https://www.baidu.com/s?ie=UTF-8&wd=陈奕迅");

spannableString.setSpan(urlSpan, 4, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

mTextView.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance());

mTextView.setText(spannableString);

URLSpan：实现超链接的效果，继承于 ClickableSpan，点击实现跳转到浏览器

MaskFilterSpan 模糊 浮雕

SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("如果我是陈奕迅");

MaskFilterSpan embossMaskFilterSpan =

new MaskFilterSpan(new EmbossMaskFilter(new float[]{10, 10, 10}, 0.5f, 1, 1));

spannableString.setSpan(embossMaskFilterSpan, 0, 4, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

RelativeSizeSpan relativeSizeSpan = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.5f);

spannableString.setSpan(relativeSizeSpan, 0, 4, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

MaskFilterSpan blurMaskFilterSpan = new MaskFilterSpan(new BlurMaskFilter(10, Blur.NORMAL));

spannableString.setSpan(blurMaskFilterSpan, 4, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

mTextView.setText(spannableString);

MaskFilterSpan：构造方法接受 MaskFilter 作为参数，其中它有两个子类：EmbossMaskFilter 和 BlurMaskFilter

EmbossMaskFilter 实现浮雕效果

EmbossMaskFilter(float[] direction, float ambient, float specular, float blurRadius)

• direction：float 数组，定义长度为 3 的数组标量[x,y,z]，来指定光源的方向

• ambient：环境光亮度，0~1

• specular：镜面反射系数

• blurRadius：模糊半径，必须>0

BlurMaskFilter 实现模糊效果

BlurMaskFilter(float radius, Blur style)

• radius：模糊半径

• style：有四个参数可选

• BlurMaskFilter.Blur.NORMAL：内外模糊

• BlurMaskFilter.Blur.OUTER：外部模糊

• BlurMaskFilter.Blur.INNER：内部模糊

• BlurMaskFilter.Blur.SOLID：内部加粗，外部模糊

RelativeSizeSpan 字体相对大小

SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("如果我是陈奕迅");

RelativeSizeSpan relativeSizeSpan = new RelativeSizeSpan(1.5f);

spannableString.setSpan(relativeSizeSpan, 4, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

mTextView.setText(spannableString);

RelativeSizeSpan：设置字体的相对大小，这里设置为 TextView 大小的 1.5 倍，看图

AbsoluteSizeSpan 字体绝对大小

SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("如果我是陈奕迅");

AbsoluteSizeSpan absoluteSizeSpan = new AbsoluteSizeSpan(40, true);

spannableString.setSpan(absoluteSizeSpan, 4, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

mTextView.setText(spannableString);

AbsoluteSizeSpan：设置字体的相绝对大小，40 表示文字大小，true 表示单位为 dip，若为 false 则表示 px

ScaleXSpan 字体 x 轴缩放

SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("如果我是陈奕迅");

Scal

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eXSpan scaleXSpan= new ScaleXSpan(1.5f);

spannableString.setSpan(scaleXSpan, 4, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

mTextView.setText(spannableString);

ScaleXSpan：设置字体 x 轴缩放，1.5 表示 x 轴放大为 1.5 倍，效果如图

StyleSpan 样式

SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("如果我是陈奕迅");

StyleSpan boldSpan = new StyleSpan(Typeface.BOLD);

StyleSpan italicSpan = new StyleSpan(Typeface.ITALIC);

StyleSpan boldItalicSpan = new StyleSpan(Typeface.BOLD_ITALIC);

spannableString.setSpan(boldSpan, 0, 2, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

spannableString.setSpan(italicSpan, 2, 4, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

spannableString.setSpan(boldItalicSpan, 4, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

mTextView.setText(spannableString);

StyleSpan：设置文字样式，如斜体、粗体

TypefaceSpan 字体

SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("如果我是陈奕迅");

TypefaceSpan monospace = new TypefaceSpan("monospace");

TypefaceSpan serif = new TypefaceSpan("serif");

TypefaceSpan sans_serif = new TypefaceSpan("sans-serif");

spannableString.setSpan(monospace, 0, 2, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

spannableString.setSpan(serif, 2, 4, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

spannableString.setSpan(sans_serif, 4, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

mTextView.setText(spannableString);

TypefaceSpan：设置文字字体类型，如 monospace、serif 和 sans-serif 等等

TextAppearanceSpan 文字外貌

SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("如果我是陈奕迅");

TextAppearanceSpan textAppearanceSpan = new TextAppearanceSpan(this, android.R.style.TextAppearance_Material);

spannableString.setSpan(textAppearanceSpan, 4, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

mTextView.setText(spannableString);

TextAppearanceSpan：设置文字外貌，通过 style 资源设置，这里使用系统的 style 资源

UnderlineSpan 下划线

SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("如果我是陈奕迅");

UnderlineSpan underlineSpan = new UnderlineSpan();

spannableString.setSpan(underlineSpan, 4, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

mTextView.setText(spannableString);

UnderlineSpan：设置文字下划线，强调突出文字时可以使用该 span

StrikethroughSpan 删除线

SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("如果我是陈奕迅");

StrikethroughSpan strikethroughSpan = new StrikethroughSpan();

spannableString.setSpan(strikethroughSpan, 4, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

mTextView.setText(spannableString);

StrikethroughSpan：设置文字删除线

SuperscriptSpan 上标

SpannableString spannableString = new SpannableString("如果我是陈奕迅");

SuperscriptSpan superscriptSpan = new SuperscriptSpan();

RelativeSizeSpan relativeSizeSpan = new RelativeSizeSpan(0.8f);

spannableString.setSpan(relativeSizeSpan, 4, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

spannableString.setSpan(superscriptSpan, 4, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);

mTextView.setText(spannableString);

SuperscriptSpan：设置文字为上标

SubscriptSpan 下标