多线程详解第 3 讲:线程状态
代码
package com.kaung.state;
public class TestStop implements Runnable{
//1.设置一个标识位
private boolean flag = true;
@Override
public void run() {
int i = 0;
while(flag){
System.out.println("run.....Thread"+i++);
}
}
//2.设置一个公开的方法停止线程,转换标志位
public void stop(){
this.flag = false;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
TestStop testStop = new TestStop();
new Thread(testStop).start();
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
System.out.println("main"+i);
if(i==900){
//调用 stop 方法切换标志位,让线程停止
testStop.stop();
System.out.println("线程停止了");
}
}
}
}
运行截图
4、线程休眠
线程休眠
sleep (时间) 指定当前线程阻塞的毫秒数; 1000 ms = 1s
sleep 存在异常 InterruptedException;
sleep 时间达到后线程进入就绪状态;
sleep 可以模拟网络延时,倒计时等。
每一个对象都有一个锁,sleep 不会释放锁;
演示代码
模拟网络延时:放大问题的发生性。
package com.kaung.state;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter;
//模拟倒计时
public class TestSleep {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//打印系统当前时间
Date startTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()); //获取系统当前时间
while(true){
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss").format(startTime));
startTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()); //更新时间
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
//模拟倒计时
public static void tenDown() throws InterruptedException {
int num = 10;
while(true) {
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(num--);
if(num<=0){
break;
}
}
}
}
5、线程礼让
线程礼让
礼让线程,让当前正在执行的线程暂停,但不阻塞
将线程从运行状态转为就绪状态
让 cpu 重新调度,礼让不一定成功!看 CPU 心情
代码模拟
package com.kaung.state;
public class TestYield {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyYield myYield = new MyYield();
new Thread(myYield,"a").start();
new Thread(myYield,"b").start();
}
}
class MyYield implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"线程开始执行");
Thread.yield();//线程礼让
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"线程停止执行");
}
}
运行截图
总结
礼让不一定成功,需要看 cpu 心情。
6、Join
Join
Join 合并线程,待此线程执行完成后,再执行其他线程,其他线程阻塞
可以想象成插队
代码模拟
package com.kaung.state;
//测试 join 方法,想象成插队
public class TestJoin implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
System.out.println("线程 VIP 来了"+i);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
//启动我们的线程
TestJoin testJoin = new TestJoin();
Thread thread = new Thread(testJoin);
thread.start();
for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++) {
if(i==200){
thread.join();
}
System.out.println("main"+i);
}
}
}
运行截图
7、线程状态观测
JDk 帮助文档
观察线程状态
package com.kaung.state;
//观测线程的状态
public class TestState {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Thread thread = new Thread(()->{
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { //让线程睡眠 5s
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("///");
});
//观察状态
Thread.State state = thread.getState();
System.out.println(state); //NEW
thread.start();//启动线程
state = thread.getState();
System.out.println(state); //RUN
while(state != Thread.State.TERMINATED){ //只要线程不停止,就一直输出状态
Thread.sleep(100);
state = thread.getState();
System.out.println(state);
}
}
}
运行截图
线程一旦进入死亡状态,就不能再次启动了。
8、线程优先级
线程优先级
Java 提供一个线程调度器来监控程序中启动后进入就绪状态的所有线程,线程调度器按照优先级决定应该调度哪个线程来执行。
线程的优先级用数字表示,范围从 1~10.
Thread.MIN_PRIORITY = 1;
Thread.MAX_PRIORITY = 10;
Thread.NORM_PRIORITY = 5;
使用以下方式改变或获取优先级
getPriority() . setPriority(int xxx)
优先级的设定建议在 start()调度前
代码
package com.kaung.state;
//测试线程的优先级
public class TestPriority {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//主线程默认优先级
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
MyPriority myPriority = new MyPriority();
Thread t1 = new Thread(myPriority,"t1");
Thread t2 = new Thread(myPriority,"t2");
Thread t3 = new Thread(myPriority,"t3");
Thread t4 = n
ew Thread(myPriority,"t4");
//先设置线程的优先级,再启动
t1.start();
t2.setPriority(1);
t2.start();
t3.setPriority(4);
t3.start();
t4.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY); //MAX_PRIORITY = 10
t4.start();
}
}
class MyPriority implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
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