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SpringBoot 极简集成 Shiro

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发布于: 2021 年 04 月 20 日
SpringBoot极简集成Shiro

来源:juejin.cn/post/6844903887871148039

1. 前言

Apache Shiro 是一个功能强大且易于使用的 Java 安全框架,提供了认证,授权,加密,和会话管理。



Shiro 有三大核心组件:


  • Subject: 即当前用户,在权限管理的应用程序里往往需要知道谁能够操作什么,谁拥有操作该程序的权利,shiro 中则需要通过 Subject 来提供基础的当前用户信息,Subject 不仅仅代表某个用户,与当前应用交互的任何东西都是 Subject,如网络爬虫等。所有的 Subject 都要绑定到 SecurityManager 上,与 Subject 的交互实际上是被转换为与 SecurityManager 的交互。

  • SecurityManager: 即所有 Subject 的管理者,这是 Shiro 框架的核心组件,可以把他看做是一个 Shiro 框架的全局管理组件,用于调度各种 Shiro 框架的服务。作用类似于 SpringMVC 中的 DispatcherServlet,用于拦截所有请求并进行处理。

  • Realm: Realm 是用户的信息认证器和用户的权限人证器,我们需要自己来实现 Realm 来自定义的管理我们自己系统内部的权限规则。SecurityManager 要验证用户,需要从 Realm 中获取用户。可以把 Realm 看做是数据源。

2. 数据库设计

2.1 User(用户)


SET NAMES utf8mb4;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;
-- ------------------------------ Table structure for user-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;CREATE TABLE `user` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `password` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL, `username` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL, `account` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 4 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
-- ------------------------------ Records of user-- ----------------------------INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (1, 'root', '超级用户', 'root');INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (2, 'user', '普通用户', 'user');INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (3, 'vip', 'VIP用户', 'vip');
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
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2.2 Role(角色)


SET NAMES utf8mb4;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;
-- ------------------------------ Table structure for role-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role`;CREATE TABLE `role` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `role` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL, `desc` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 4 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
-- ------------------------------ Records of role-- ----------------------------INSERT INTO `role` VALUES (1, 'admin', '超级管理员');INSERT INTO `role` VALUES (2, 'user', '普通用户');INSERT INTO `role` VALUES (3, 'vip_user', 'VIP用户');
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
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2.3 Permission(权限)


SET NAMES utf8mb4;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;
-- ------------------------------ Table structure for permission-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `permission`;CREATE TABLE `permission` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `permission` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '权限名称', `desc` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '权限描述', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 5 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
-- ------------------------------ Records of permission-- ----------------------------INSERT INTO `permission` VALUES (1, 'add', '增加');INSERT INTO `permission` VALUES (2, 'update', '更新');INSERT INTO `permission` VALUES (3, 'select', '查看');INSERT INTO `permission` VALUES (4, 'delete', '删除');
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
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2.4 User_Role(用户 - 角色)


SET NAMES utf8mb4;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;
-- ------------------------------ Table structure for user_role-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_role`;CREATE TABLE `user_role` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `user_id` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL, `role_id` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 4 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Fixed;
-- ------------------------------ Records of user_role-- ----------------------------INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES (1, 1, 1);INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES (2, 2, 2);INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES (3, 3, 3);
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
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2.5 Role_Permission(角色 - 权限)


SET NAMES utf8mb4;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;
-- ------------------------------ Table structure for role_permission-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role_permission`;CREATE TABLE `role_permission` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `role_id` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL, `permission_id` int(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 9 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Fixed;
-- ------------------------------ Records of role_permission-- ----------------------------INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (1, 1, 1);INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (2, 1, 2);INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (3, 1, 3);INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (4, 1, 4);INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (5, 2, 3);INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (6, 3, 3);INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (7, 3, 2);INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (8, 2, 1);
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
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3. 项目结构

4. 前期准备

4.1 导入 Pom

<dependency>        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency>
<dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId></dependency>
<dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.3.2</version></dependency>
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId> <version>1.4.0</version></dependency>
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4.2 application.yml

server:  port: 8903spring:  application:    name: lab-user  datasource:    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/laboratory?charset=utf8    username: root    password: rootmybatis:  type-aliases-package: cn.ntshare.laboratory.entity  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml  configuration:    map-underscore-to-camel-case: true
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4.3 实体类

4.3.1 User.java

@Data@ToStringpublic class User implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -6056125703075132981L;
private Integer id;
private String account;
private String password;
private String username;}
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4.3.2 Role.java

@Data@ToStringpublic class Role implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -1767327914553823741L;
private Integer id;
private String role;
private String desc;}
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4.4 Dao 层

4.4.1 PermissionMapper.java

@Mapper@Repositorypublic interface PermissionMapper {
List<String> findByRoleId(@Param("roleIds") List<Integer> roleIds);}
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4.4.2 PermissionMapper.xml

<mapper namespace="cn.ntshare.laboratory.dao.PermissionMapper">    <sql id="base_column_list">        id, permission, desc    </sql>
<select id="findByRoleId" parameterType="List" resultType="String"> select permission from permission, role_permission rp where rp.permission_id = permission.id and rp.role_id in <foreach collection="roleIds" item="id" open="(" close=")" separator=","> #{id} </foreach> </select></mapper>
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4.4.3 RoleMapper.java

@Mapper@Repositorypublic interface RoleMapper {
List<Role> findRoleByUserId(@Param("userId") Integer userId);}
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4.4.4 RoleMapper.xml

<mapper namespace="cn.ntshare.laboratory.dao.RoleMapper">    <sql id="base_column_list">        id, user_id, role_id    </sql>
<select id="findRoleByUserId" parameterType="Integer" resultType="Role"> select role.id, role from role, user, user_role ur where role.id = ur.role_id and ur.user_id = user.id and user.id = #{userId} </select></mapper>
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4.4.5 UserMapper.java

@Mapper@Repositorypublic interface UserMapper {    User findByAccount(@Param("account") String account);}
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4.4.6 UserMapper.xml

<mapper namespace="cn.ntshare.laboratory.dao.UserMapper">
<sql id="base_column_list"> id, account, password, username </sql>
<select id="findByAccount" parameterType="Map" resultType="User"> select <include refid="base_column_list"/> from user where account = #{account} </select></mapper>
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4.5 Service 层

4.5.1 PermissionServiceImpl.java

@Servicepublic class PermissionServiceImpl implements PermissionService {
@Autowired private PermissionMapper permissionMapper;
@Override public List<String> findByRoleId(List<Integer> roleIds) { return permissionMapper.findByRoleId(roleIds); }}
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4.5.2 RoleServiceImpl.java

@Servicepublic class RoleServiceImpl implements RoleService {
@Autowired private RoleMapper roleMapper;
@Override public List<Role> findRoleByUserId(Integer id) { return roleMapper.findRoleByUserId(id); }}
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4.5.3 UserServiceImpl.java

@Servicepublic class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired private UserMapper userMapper;
@Override public User findByAccount(String account) { return userMapper.findByAccount(account); }}
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4.6. 系统返回状态枚举与包装函数

4.6.1 ServerResponseEnum.java

@AllArgsConstructor@Getterpublic enum ServerResponseEnum {    SUCCESS(0, "成功"),    ERROR(10, "失败"),
ACCOUNT_NOT_EXIST(11, "账号不存在"), DUPLICATE_ACCOUNT(12, "账号重复"), ACCOUNT_IS_DISABLED(13, "账号被禁用"), INCORRECT_CREDENTIALS(14, "账号或密码错误"), NOT_LOGIN_IN(15, "账号未登录"), UNAUTHORIZED(16, "没有权限") ; Integer code; String message;}
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4.6.2 ServerResponseVO.java

@Getter@Setter@NoArgsConstructorpublic class ServerResponseVO<T> implements Serializable {    private static final long serialVersionUID = -1005863670741860901L;    // 响应码    private Integer code;
// 描述信息 private String message;
// 响应内容 private T data;
private ServerResponseVO(ServerResponseEnum responseCode) { this.code = responseCode.getCode(); this.message = responseCode.getMessage(); }
private ServerResponseVO(ServerResponseEnum responseCode, T data) { this.code = responseCode.getCode(); this.message = responseCode.getMessage(); this.data = data; }
private ServerResponseVO(Integer code, String message) { this.code = code; this.message = message; }
/** * 返回成功信息 * @param data 信息内容 * @param <T> * @return */ public static<T> ServerResponseVO success(T data) { return new ServerResponseVO<>(ServerResponseEnum.SUCCESS, data); }
/** * 返回成功信息 * @return */ public static ServerResponseVO success() { return new ServerResponseVO(ServerResponseEnum.SUCCESS); }
/** * 返回错误信息 * @param responseCode 响应码 * @return */ public static ServerResponseVO error(ServerResponseEnum responseCode) { return new ServerResponseVO(responseCode); }}
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4.7 统一异常处理

当用户身份认证失败时,会抛出 UnauthorizedException,我们可以通过统一异常处理来处理该异常


@RestControllerAdvicepublic class UserExceptionHandler {
@ExceptionHandler(UnauthorizedException.class) @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED) public ServerResponseVO UnAuthorizedExceptionHandler(UnauthorizedException e) { return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.UNAUTHORIZED); }}
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5. 集成 Shiro

5.1 UserRealm.java

/** * 负责认证用户身份和对用户进行授权 */public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
@Autowired private UserService userService;
@Autowired private RoleService roleService;
@Autowired private PermissionService permissionService;
// 用户授权 protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) { User user = (User) principalCollection.getPrimaryPrincipal(); SimpleAuthorizationInfo authorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo(); List<Role> roleList = roleService.findRoleByUserId(user.getId()); Set<String> roleSet = new HashSet<>(); List<Integer> roleIds = new ArrayList<>(); for (Role role : roleList) { roleSet.add(role.getRole()); roleIds.add(role.getId()); } // 放入角色信息 authorizationInfo.setRoles(roleSet); // 放入权限信息 List<String> permissionList = permissionService.findByRoleId(roleIds); authorizationInfo.setStringPermissions(new HashSet<>(permissionList));
return authorizationInfo; }
// 用户认证 protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authToken) throws AuthenticationException { UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken) authToken; User user = userService.findByAccount(token.getUsername()); if (user == null) { return null; } return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user, user.getPassword(), getName()); }}
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5.2 ShiroConfig.java

@Configurationpublic class ShiroConfig {
@Bean public UserRealm userRealm() { return new UserRealm(); }
@Bean public DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager() { DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager(); securityManager.setRealm(userRealm()); return securityManager; }
/** * 路径过滤规则 * @return */ @Bean public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilter(DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager) { ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean(); shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/login"); shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSuccessUrl("/"); Map<String, String> map = new LinkedHashMap<>(); // 有先后顺序 map.put("/login", "anon"); // 允许匿名访问 map.put("/**", "authc"); // 进行身份认证后才能访问 shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(map); return shiroFilterFactoryBean; }
/** * 开启Shiro注解模式,可以在Controller中的方法上添加注解 * @param securityManager * @return */ @Bean public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(@Qualifier("securityManager") DefaultSecurityManager securityManager) { AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(); authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager); return authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor; }
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5.3 LoginController.java

@RestController@RequestMapping("")public class LoginController {
@PostMapping("/login") public ServerResponseVO login(@RequestParam(value = "account") String account, @RequestParam(value = "password") String password) { Subject userSubject = SecurityUtils.getSubject(); UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(account, password); try { // 登录验证 userSubject.login(token); return ServerResponseVO.success(); } catch (UnknownAccountException e) { return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.ACCOUNT_NOT_EXIST); } catch (DisabledAccountException e) { return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.ACCOUNT_IS_DISABLED); } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e) { return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.INCORRECT_CREDENTIALS); } catch (Throwable e) { e.printStackTrace(); return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.ERROR); } }
@GetMapping("/login") public ServerResponseVO login() { return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.NOT_LOGIN_IN); }
@GetMapping("/auth") public String auth() { return "已成功登录"; }
@GetMapping("/role") @RequiresRoles("vip") public String role() { return "测试Vip角色"; }
@GetMapping("/permission") @RequiresPermissions(value = {"add", "update"}, logical = Logical.AND) public String permission() { return "测试Add和Update权限"; }}
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6. 测试

6.1 用 root 用户登录

6.1.1 登录

6.1.2 验证是否登录

6.1.3 测试角色权限

6.1.4 测试用户操作权限

6.2 user 用户和 vip 用户测试略

7. 总结

本文演示了 SpringBoot 极简集成 Shiro 框架,实现了基础的身份认证和授权功能,如有不足,请多指教。


后续可扩展的功能点有:


  • 集成 Redis 实现 Shiro 的分布式会话

  • 集成 JWT 实现单点登录功能

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SpringBoot极简集成Shiro