《Operating System Concepts》学习第 15 天，p147-p158 总结，总计 12 页。

一、技术总结

1.socket

(1)定义

A socket is defined as an endpoint for communication(socket 是用于通信的端点，或者说 socket 是通信端点的抽象表示。).

A socket is identified by an IP address concatenated with a port number(socket 使用 IP 和 Port 进行标识).

2.RPC(Remote Procedure Calls)

二、英语总结(生词：2)

1.paradigm

(1)pradadigm: para-("beside(next to)") + *deik-("to show")

c. Paradigm refere to sth serves as a typical example, model or pattern(范式)。

(2)示例

One of the most common forms of remote service is the RPC paradigm, which was designed as a way to abstract the procedure-call mechanism for use between systems with network connections(《Operating System Concepts》第 149 页)。

2.stub

(1)定义

c. the short end which is left after the main part of sth has beend remove(存根， 树桩)。

In programming, a stub is a small, incomplete piece of code that stands in for a larger or more complex component(function, or procedure)。

(2)示例

The RPC system hides the details that allow communication to take place by providing a stub on the client side(《Operating System Concepts》第 150 页)。

如上, stub 想表达的意思：In RPC systems, the term "stub" is used because it represents a simplified, local version of a remote service, much like a "stub" is a small, leftover part of something larger。

关于英语的注解同步更新汇总到 https://github.com/codists/English-In-CS-Books 仓库。

三、其它

第 3 章(Process)简评：介绍什么是进程，进程的创建和终止，IPC，Socket 和 RPC。读完这章，我真正的理解了什么是 process(进程)：Process is a program loaded into memory and executing。之前看了各种文章，感觉这些文章都喜欢滥用比喻，但是难以理解，让人摸不着头脑。 个人觉得还是把一个东西的来龙去脉介绍清楚，这样最简单，也最容易让人理解。

四、参考资料

1. 编程

(1) Abraham Silberschatz，Peter Baer Galvin，Greg Gagne《Operating System Concepts》：https://book.douban.com/subject/30272539/

2. 英语

(1) Etymology Dictionary：https://www.etymonline.com

(2) Cambridge Dictionary：https://dictionary.cambridge.org

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