译 - 面向前端开发人员的 Docker 入门指南

$ sudo yum remove docker \
                  docker-client \
                  docker-client-latest \
                  docker-common \
                  docker-latest \
                  docker-latest-logrotate \
                  docker-logrotate \
                  docker-engine

sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
// 设置repositry
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
// 安装Docker引擎社区版
sudo yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli container.io

sudo systemctl start docker

docker --version
// Docker version 19.03.5, build 633a0ea

sudo docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
1b930d010525: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:6540fc08ee6e6b7b63468dc3317e3303aae178cb8a45ed3123180328bcc1d20f
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest
Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

sudo docker container ls
// 或
sudo docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                     PORTS               NAMES
8e29e1a1f7bc        hello-world         "/hello"            4 minutes ago       Exited (0) 4 minutes ago                       clever_cerf

$ docker container ls
$ docker container stop webserver
$ docker container ls -a
$ docker container rm webserver
// rm 前需先暂停，否则会导致删除失败
$ docker image ls
$ docker image rm nginx

// 拉取示例项目
git clone https://github.com/docker/doodle.git
// 构建镜像
cd doodle/cheers2019 && docker build -t notcoder/cheers2019 .
// 本地运行
docker run -it --rm notcoder/cheers2019
// 发布该镜像
docker login && docker push notcoder/cheers2019

docker pull node
// Using default tag: latest
// latest: Pulling from library/node

const https = require('https');
https
  .get('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/1', response => {
    let todo = '';
    response.on('data', chunk => {
      todo += chunk;
    });
    response.on('end', () => {
      console.log(`The title is "${JSON.parse(todo).title}"`);
    });
  })
  .on('error', error => {
    console.error('Error: ' + error.message);
  });

docker run -it --rm --name my-first-node-app -v "$PWD":/usr/src/app -w /usr/src/app node node http-test.js
// output
// The title is "delectus aut autem"

# 选择镜像
FROM node
## 在容器中设置环境、安装依赖
COPY package.json ./
ENV NODE_PATH=/node_modules
ENV PATH=$PATH:/node_modules/.bin
RUN yarn config set registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org/
RUN yarn
# Add project files to /app route in Container
ADD . /app
# Set working dir to /app
WORKDIR /app
# expose port 3000
EXPOSE 3000

docker image build -t react-test
// docker build -t react-test
// output
Sending build context to Docker daemon  9.216kB
Step 1/8 : FROM node
 ---> 7354979df4ec
Step 2/8 : COPY package.json ./
 ---> 2334ae246c09
Step 3/8 : ENV NODE_PATH=/node_modules
 ---> Running in a9eef0bd74ee
Removing intermediate container a9eef0bd74ee
 ---> 6a754f277b15
Step 4/8 : ENV PATH=$PATH:/node_modules/.bin
 ---> Running in 220b38640a08
Removing intermediate container 220b38640a08
 ---> 969d68a0dd44
Step 5/8 : RUN yarn
 ---> Running in f149ebb35477
yarn install v1.21.1

docker image ls
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
react-test          latest              1118cccafb44        9 hours ago         1.25GB
node                latest              7354979df4ec        7 days ago          939MB
hello-world         latest              fce289e99eb9        12 months ago       1.84kB

docker run -it -p 3000:3000 react-test /bin/bash

docker run -it -p 3000:3000 -v $(pwd):/app react-test /bin/bash