介绍一种对 SAP GUI 里的收藏夹事务码管理工具增强的实现方案

2022 年 7 月 01 日
本文字数：6179 字
阅读完需：约 20 分钟

SAP Netweaver 里有很多名字比较长的事务码，比如 SAP CRM UI 开发工具 BSP_WD_CMPWB，直到今天我也记不住它。幸好 SAP 贴心地在 SAP GUI 里提供了收藏夹功能，我们可以在 SAP GUI 里创建树状结构的收藏夹事务码列表，可以把若干业务上相关的事务码放在同一个文件夹内，文件夹支持嵌套，如下图：

SAP 菜单是一个由用户主记录中的一个条目集中定义或覆盖的区域菜单。SAP 菜单或 SAP 区域菜单显示 SAP 菜单树中所有可用的 SAP t-code，如下图所示：

下面是 SAP Area menu 的创建步骤：

使用事物码 SE43：

点击 Create Area Menu 按钮：

输入菜单的名称和描述信息：

添加菜单可供点击的子节点：

依次添加菜单项和点击后执行的事物码即可：

但是 SAP GUI 的收藏夹事务码管理功能有个局限，收藏夹树状结构上的事务码节点不支持剪切粘贴操作。比如我要想把下图收藏夹尾部的 BSP_WD_COMWB 移动到收藏夹最顶端的 Design Layer 文件夹里，只能鼠标左键单击 BSP_WD_COMWB, 按住不放，然后将其拖拽到顶部的目的文件夹里。

因为我的收藏夹内容很多，所以我得按住鼠标不放，同时用鼠标中键把滚动条往上滑好几下，直至收藏夹顶部的目标文件夹出现，再松开鼠标左键，将其放到目标文件夹里。

这种收藏夹的管理方式低效而且容易出错，需要按住鼠标左键不放同时滑动鼠标中键，万一此时左键松开，就会误操作。于是我自己开发了一个工具。本地新建一个记事本文件，在其内把自己想要导入 SAP GUI 收藏夹的事务码按照自己喜欢的层级结构维护好，然后直接把这个记事本文件上传到 ABAP 系统即可。

上图的 01. 02. 03 开头的内容代表的是 SAP GUI 里生成收藏夹的文件夹名称，方括号内即事务码本身的值。操作记事本，比用鼠标在 SAP GUI 里做拖拽操作轻松多了，不是吗？下图右边是我在本地记事本里维护的内容，左边是将这个记事本导入到 SAP GUI 里生成的收藏夹。

我开发的这个报表，会解析记事本里维护的事务码和层级结构，然后把解析出的记录插入到 Netweaver 存放收藏夹事务码的数据库表里。

源代码如下：

REPORT zfavorite.
TYPES: tt_tcode  TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF tstct-tcode,       tt_wd_app TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF wdy_applicationt-application_name.TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_file,         text  LIKE smen_buffc-text,         tcode LIKE smen_buffc-report,       END   OF ty_file.
CLASS lcl_counter DEFINITION.
  PUBLIC SECTION.    METHODS: get_new_obj_id RETURNING VALUE(rv_id) TYPE int4,      get_folder_sort RETURNING VALUE(rv_id) TYPE int4,      get_tcode_sort RETURNING VALUE(rv_id) TYPE int4,      reset_tcode_sort.
    CONSTANTS: cv_root TYPE smen_buffc-parent_id VALUE '00001'.    CONSTANTS: cv_level1 TYPE smen_buffc-menu_level VALUE '01',               cv_level2 LIKE cv_level1 VALUE '02'.  PRIVATE SECTION.    DATA: mv_object_id   TYPE int4 VALUE 1,          mv_folder_sort TYPE int4 VALUE 0,          mv_tcode_sort  TYPE int4 VALUE 0.ENDCLASS.
CLASS lcl_counter IMPLEMENTATION.  METHOD: get_new_obj_id.    ADD 1 TO mv_object_id.    rv_id = mv_object_id.  ENDMETHOD.
  METHOD: get_folder_sort.    ADD 10 TO mv_folder_sort.    rv_id = mv_folder_sort.  ENDMETHOD.
  METHOD: get_tcode_sort.    ADD 10 TO mv_tcode_sort.    rv_id = mv_tcode_sort.  ENDMETHOD.
  METHOD reset_tcode_sort.    CLEAR: mv_tcode_sort.  ENDMETHOD.ENDCLASS.
CLASS lcl_tool DEFINITION.  PUBLIC SECTION.    CLASS-METHODS: is_tcode  IMPORTING iv_text TYPE string RETURNING VALUE(result) TYPE abap_bool.    CLASS-METHODS: is_wd_app  IMPORTING iv_text TYPE string RETURNING VALUE(result) TYPE abap_bool.    CLASS-METHODS: get_tcode IMPORTING iv_text TYPE smen_buffc-text RETURNING VALUE(result) TYPE smen_buffc-report.    CLASS-METHODS: get_wd_app IMPORTING iv_text TYPE smen_buffc-text RETURNING VALUE(result) TYPE smen_buffc-report.    CLASS-METHODS: set_tcode_list IMPORTING it_tcode TYPE tt_tcode.    CLASS-METHODS: set_wd_app_list IMPORTING it_app TYPE tt_wd_app.
    CLASS-METHODS: get_tcode_description IMPORTING iv_tcode TYPE smen_buffc-report RETURNING VALUE(result) TYPE smen_buffc-text.    CLASS-METHODS: get_app_description IMPORTING iv_app TYPE smen_buffc-text RETURNING VALUE(result) TYPE smen_buffc-text.    CLASS-METHODS: get_menu_type IMPORTING is_menu TYPE ty_file RETURNING VALUE(result) TYPE int4.
    CONSTANTS: cv_wd_app_type   TYPE smen_buffc-reporttype VALUE 'OT',               cv_wd_app_report TYPE smen_buffc-report VALUE 'WDY_APPLICATION',               BEGIN OF cs_entry_type,                 top_tcode    TYPE int4 VALUE 1,                 folder       TYPE int4 VALUE 2,                 child_tcode  TYPE int4 VALUE 3,                 top_wd_app   TYPE int4 VALUE 4,                 child_wd_app TYPE int4 VALUE 5,                 invalid      TYPE int4 VALUE 6,               END OF cs_entry_type.
  PRIVATE SECTION.    CLASS-DATA: st_tcode  TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF tstct,                st_wd_app TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF wdy_applicationt.ENDCLASS.
CLASS lcl_tool IMPLEMENTATION.  METHOD: is_tcode.    IF iv_text CP '[*]'.      result = abap_true.    ELSE.      result = abap_false.    ENDIF.  ENDMETHOD.
  METHOD: is_wd_app.    IF iv_text CP '(*)'.      result = abap_true.    ELSE.      result = abap_false.    ENDIF.  ENDMETHOD.
  METHOD: get_tcode.
    result = iv_text.    REPLACE ALL OCCURRENCES OF REGEX `[\[\]]` IN result WITH space.
    CONDENSE result NO-GAPS.  ENDMETHOD.
  METHOD: get_wd_app.
    result = iv_text.    REPLACE ALL OCCURRENCES OF REGEX `[\(\)]` IN result WITH space.
    CONDENSE result NO-GAPS.  ENDMETHOD.
  METHOD: set_tcode_list.    SELECT * INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE st_tcode FROM tstct      FOR ALL ENTRIES IN it_tcode WHERE sprsl = sy-langu AND tcode = it_tcode-table_line.
  ENDMETHOD.
  METHOD: set_wd_app_list.    SELECT * INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE st_wd_app FROM wdy_applicationt       FOR ALL ENTRIES IN it_app WHERE application_name = it_app-table_line AND langu = sy-langu.  ENDMETHOD.
  METHOD: get_tcode_description.    FIELD-SYMBOLS: <line> TYPE tstct.    READ TABLE st_tcode ASSIGNING <line> WITH KEY tcode = iv_tcode.    IF sy-subrc = 0.      result = <line>-ttext.    ENDIF.  ENDMETHOD.
  METHOD: get_app_description.
    FIELD-SYMBOLS: <line> LIKE LINE OF st_wd_app.    READ TABLE st_wd_app ASSIGNING <line> WITH KEY application_name = iv_app.    IF sy-subrc = 0.      result = <line>-description.    ENDIF.  ENDMETHOD.
  METHOD: get_menu_type.    DATA: lv_is_tcode  TYPE abap_bool,          lv_is_wd_app TYPE abap_bool.
    lv_is_tcode = is_tcode( CONV #( is_menu-text ) ).    lv_is_wd_app = is_wd_app( CONV #( is_menu-text ) ).
    IF is_menu-text IS NOT INITIAL AND is_menu-tcode IS INITIAL.      IF is_tcode( CONV #( is_menu-text ) ) = abap_true.        result = cs_entry_type-top_tcode.      ELSEIF is_wd_app( CONV #( is_menu-text ) ) = abap_true.        result = cs_entry_type-top_wd_app.      ELSE.        result = cs_entry_type-folder.      ENDIF.    ELSEIF is_menu-tcode IS NOT INITIAL.      IF is_tcode( CONV #( is_menu-tcode ) ) = abap_true.        result = cs_entry_type-child_tcode.      ELSEIF is_wd_app( CONV #( is_menu-tcode ) ) = abap_true.        result = cs_entry_type-child_wd_app.      ELSE.        result = cs_entry_type-invalid.      ENDIF.    ELSE.      result = cs_entry_type-invalid.    ENDIF.  ENDMETHOD.ENDCLASS.
START-OF-SELECTION.
  DATA: gt_file     TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ty_file,        gt_tcodes   TYPE tt_tcode,        gt_wd_app   TYPE tt_wd_app,        lo_counter  TYPE REF TO lcl_counter,        lv_filename TYPE localfile,        lv_name_string type string.
  CALL FUNCTION 'NAVIGATION_FILENAME_HELP'    EXPORTING      default_path_long      = '*.*'      mode                   = 'O'    IMPORTING      selected_filename = lv_filename.
  CHECK lv_filename IS NOT INITIAL.  lv_name_string = lv_filename.  CREATE OBJECT lo_counter.
  CALL FUNCTION 'GUI_UPLOAD'    EXPORTING      filename                = lv_name_string      filetype                = 'ASC'      has_field_separator     = 'X'    TABLES      data_tab                = gt_file    EXCEPTIONS      file_open_error         = 1      file_read_error         = 2      no_batch                = 3      gui_refuse_filetransfer = 4      invalid_type            = 5      no_authority            = 6                           "as of 4.6C      OTHERS                  = 7.
  DELETE gt_file WHERE tcode IS INITIAL AND text IS INITIAL.
  DATA: ls_menu_entry     TYPE smen_buffc,        lt_menu_entry     TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF smen_buffc,        ls_web_link       TYPE smen_buffi,        lt_web_link       TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF smen_buffi,        lv_current_par_id TYPE smen_buffc-parent_id.
  FIELD-SYMBOLS: <entry> LIKE LINE OF gt_file,                 <menu>  LIKE LINE OF lt_menu_entry,                 <link>  TYPE smen_buffi.
  LOOP AT gt_file ASSIGNING <entry>.    CLEAR: ls_menu_entry.    ls_menu_entry-object_id = lo_counter->get_new_obj_id( ).    ls_menu_entry-uname = sy-uname.    ls_menu_entry-mandt = sy-mandt.
    CASE lcl_tool=>get_menu_type( <entry> ).      WHEN lcl_tool=>cs_entry_type-top_tcode.        ls_menu_entry-reporttype = 'TR'.        ls_menu_entry-parent_id = lcl_counter=>cv_root.        ls_menu_entry-report = lcl_tool=>get_tcode( <entry>-text ).        ls_menu_entry-menu_level = lcl_counter=>cv_level1.        ls_menu_entry-sort_order = lo_counter->get_folder_sort( ).        APPEND ls_menu_entry-report TO gt_tcodes.      WHEN lcl_tool=>cs_entry_type-top_wd_app.        ls_menu_entry-reporttype = 'OT'.        ls_menu_entry-parent_id = lcl_counter=>cv_root.        ls_menu_entry-report = lcl_tool=>cv_wd_app_report.        ls_menu_entry-menu_level = lcl_counter=>cv_level1.        ls_menu_entry-sort_order = lo_counter->get_folder_sort( ).        ls_web_link-object_id = ls_menu_entry-object_id.        APPEND ls_web_link TO lt_web_link.        ls_menu_entry-text  = lcl_tool=>get_wd_app( <entry>-text ).        APPEND ls_menu_entry-text  TO gt_wd_app.      WHEN lcl_tool=>cs_entry_type-folder.        ls_menu_entry-text = <entry>-text.        ls_menu_entry-parent_id = lcl_counter=>cv_root.
        ls_menu_entry-sort_order = lo_counter->get_folder_sort( ).        ls_menu_entry-menu_level = lcl_counter=>cv_level1.        lv_current_par_id = ls_menu_entry-object_id.        lo_counter->reset_tcode_sort( ).      WHEN lcl_tool=>cs_entry_type-child_tcode.        ls_menu_entry-reporttype = 'TR'.        ls_menu_entry-report = lcl_tool=>get_tcode( CONV #( <entry>-tcode ) ).        ls_menu_entry-parent_id = lv_current_par_id.        ls_menu_entry-sort_order = lo_counter->get_tcode_sort( ).        ls_menu_entry-menu_level = lcl_counter=>cv_level2.        APPEND ls_menu_entry-report TO gt_tcodes.      WHEN lcl_tool=>cs_entry_type-child_wd_app.        ls_menu_entry-reporttype = 'OT'.        ls_menu_entry-report = lcl_tool=>cv_wd_app_report.        ls_menu_entry-parent_id = lv_current_par_id.        ls_menu_entry-sort_order = lo_counter->get_tcode_sort( ).        ls_menu_entry-menu_level = lcl_counter=>cv_level2.        ls_menu_entry-text  = lcl_tool=>get_wd_app( CONV #( <entry>-tcode ) ).        APPEND ls_menu_entry-text TO gt_wd_app.        ls_web_link-object_id = ls_menu_entry-object_id.        APPEND ls_web_link TO lt_web_link.      WHEN OTHERS.        WRITE: / 'Invalid record: ', <entry>-text, <entry>-tcode COLOR COL_NEGATIVE.        RETURN.    ENDCASE.    APPEND ls_menu_entry TO lt_menu_entry.  ENDLOOP.
  lcl_tool=>set_tcode_list( gt_tcodes ).  lcl_tool=>set_wd_app_list( gt_wd_app ).
  LOOP AT lt_menu_entry ASSIGNING <menu> WHERE reporttype = 'TR'.    <menu>-text = lcl_tool=>get_tcode_description( <menu>-report ).  ENDLOOP.
  LOOP AT lt_web_link ASSIGNING <link>.    <link>-mandt = sy-mandt.    <link>-link_type = 'W'.    <link>-uname = sy-uname.    READ TABLE lt_menu_entry INTO ls_menu_entry WITH KEY object_id = <link>-object_id.    CHECK sy-subrc = 0.    TRANSLATE ls_menu_entry-text TO LOWER CASE.    <link>-url = '0E' && ls_menu_entry-text.  ENDLOOP.
  LOOP AT lt_menu_entry ASSIGNING <menu> WHERE reporttype = 'OT'.    <menu>-text = lcl_tool=>get_app_description( <menu>-text ).  ENDLOOP.
  DELETE FROM smen_buffc WHERE uname = sy-uname.  DELETE FROM smen_buffi WHERE uname = sy-uname.
  INSERT smen_buffc FROM TABLE lt_menu_entry.  INSERT smen_buffi FROM TABLE lt_web_link.
  COMMIT WORK AND WAIT.
  WRITE: / 'Favorite list uploaded successfully, total entries: ', lines( lt_menu_entry ) COLOR COL_POSITIVE.