码农会锁，synchronized 对象头结构 (mark-word、Klass Pointer)、指针压缩、锁竞争，源码解毒、深度分析！

64 bits:
--------
unused:25 hash:31 -->| unused:1   age:4    biased_lock:1 lock:2 (normal object)
JavaThread*:54 epoch:2 unused:1   age:4    biased_lock:1 lock:2 (biased object)
PromotedObject*:61 --------------------->| promo_bits:3 ----->| (CMS promoted object)
size:64 ----------------------------------------------------->| (CMS free block)
unused:25 hash:31 -->| cms_free:1 age:4    biased_lock:1 lock:2 (COOPs && normal object)
JavaThread*:54 epoch:2 cms_free:1 age:4    biased_lock:1 lock:2 (COOPs && biased object)
narrowOop:32 unused:24 cms_free:1 unused:4 promo_bits:3 ----->| (COOPs && CMS promoted object)
unused:21 size:35 -->| cms_free:1 unused:7 ------------------>| (COOPs && CMS free block)

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.openjdk.jol/jol-cli -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.openjdk.jol</groupId>
    <artifactId>jol-cli</artifactId>
    <version>0.14</version>
</dependency>

public static void main(String[] args) {
    System.out.println(VM.current().details());
    Object obj = new Object();
    System.out.println(obj + " 十六进制哈希：" + Integer.toHexString(obj.hashCode()));
    System.out.println(ClassLayout.parseInstance(obj).toPrintable());
}

# Running 64-bit HotSpot VM.
# Using compressed oop with 3-bit shift.
# Using compressed klass with 3-bit shift.
# Objects are 8 bytes aligned.
# Field sizes by type: 4, 1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 4, 8, 8 [bytes]
# Array element sizes: 4, 1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 4, 8, 8 [bytes]
java.lang.Object object internals:
 OFFSET  SIZE   TYPE DESCRIPTION                               VALUE
      0     4        (object header)                           01 00 00 00 (00000001 00000000 00000000 00000000) (1)
      4     4        (object header)                           00 00 00 00 (00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000) (0)
      8     4        (object header)                           e5 01 00 f8 (11100101 00000001 00000000 11111000) (-134217243)
     12     4        (loss due to the next object alignment)
Instance size: 16 bytes
Space losses: 0 bytes internal + 4 bytes external = 4 bytes total

java.lang.Object object internals:
 OFFSET  SIZE   TYPE DESCRIPTION                               VALUE
      0     4        (object header)                           01 12 0c 53 (00000001 00010010 00001100 01010011) (1393299969)
      4     4        (object header)                           02 00 00 00 (00000010 00000000 00000000 00000000) (2)
      8     4        (object header)                           00 1c b9 1b (00000000 00011100 10111001 00011011) (465116160)
     12     4        (object header)                           00 00 00 00 (00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000) (0)
Instance size: 16 bytes
Space losses: 0 bytes internal + 0 bytes external = 0 bytes total

public static void main(String[] args) {
    System.out.println(VM.current().details());
    Object obj = new Object();
    System.out.println(obj + " 十六进制哈希：" + Integer.toHexString(obj.hashCode()));
    System.out.println(ClassLayout.parseInstance(obj).toPrintable());
}

// initialize the monitor, exception the semaphore, all other fields
// are simple integers or pointers
ObjectMonitor() {
    _header       = NULL;
    _count        = 0;       // 记录个数
    _waiters      = 0,
    _recursions   = 0;       // 线程重入次数
    _object       = NULL;    // 存储 Monitor 对象
    _owner        = NULL;    // 持有当前线程的 owner
    _WaitSet      = NULL;    // 处于wait状态的线程，会被加入到 _WaitSet
    _WaitSetLock  = 0 ;
    _Responsible  = NULL ;
    _succ         = NULL ;
    _cxq          = NULL ;   // 单向列表
    FreeNext      = NULL ;
    _EntryList    = NULL ;   // 处于等待锁block状态的线程，会被加入到该列表
    _SpinFreq     = 0 ;
    _SpinClock    = 0 ;
    OwnerIsThread = 0 ;
    _previous_owner_tid = 0;
}

private static volatile int counter = 0;
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        Thread thread = new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i1 = 0; i1 < 10000; i1++) {
                add();
            }
        });
        thread.start();
    }
    // 等10个线程运行完毕
    Thread.sleep(1000);
    System.out.println(counter);
}
public static void add() {
    counter++;
}

public static void add() {
    synchronized (AtomicityTest.class) {
        counter++;
    }
}

public static void add();
    descriptor: ()V
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_STATIC
    Code:
      stack=2, locals=2, args_size=0
         0: ldc           #12                 // class org/itstack/interview/AtomicityTest
         2: dup
         3: astore_0
         4: monitorenter
         5: getstatic     #10                 // Field counter:I
         8: iconst_1
         9: iadd
        10: putstatic     #10                 // Field counter:I
        13: aload_0
        14: monitorexit
        15: goto          23
        18: astore_1
        19: aload_0
        20: monitorexit
        21: aload_1
        22: athrow
        23: return
      Exception table:

public static boolean sign = false;
public static void main(String[] args) {
    Thread Thread01 = new Thread(() -> {
        int i = 0;
        while (!sign) {
            i++;
            add(i);
        }
    });
    Thread Thread02 = new Thread(() -> {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException ignore) {
        }
        sign = true;
        logger.info("vt.sign = true  while (!sign)")
    });
    Thread01.start();
    Thread02.start();
}
public static int add(int i) {
    return i + 1;
}

public static synchronized int add(int i) {
    return i + 1;
}

23:55:33.849 [Thread-1] INFO  org.itstack.interview.VisibilityTest - vt.sign = true  while (!sign)
Process finished with exit code 0

public class Singleton {
    private Singleton() {
    }
    private volatile static Singleton instance;
    public Singleton getInstance() {
        if (instance == null) {
            synchronized (Singleton.class) {
                if (instance == null) {
                    instance = new Singleton();
                }
            }
        }
        return instance;
    }
}

public class ReentryTest extends A{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ReentryTest reentry = new ReentryTest();
        reentry.doA();
    }
    public synchronized void doA() {
        System.out.println("子类方法：ReentryTest.doA() ThreadId：" + Thread.currentThread().getId());
        doB();
    }
    private synchronized void doB() {
        super.doA();
        System.out.println("子类方法：ReentryTest.doB() ThreadId：" + Thread.currentThread().getId());
    }
}
class A {
    public synchronized void doA() {
        System.out.println("父类方法：A.doA() ThreadId：" + Thread.currentThread().getId());
    }
}

子类方法：ReentryTest.doA() ThreadId：1
父类方法：A.doA() ThreadId：1
子类方法：ReentryTest.doB() ThreadId：1
Process finished with exit code 0

// NOTE: must use heavy weight monitor to handle jni monitor exit
void ObjectSynchronizer::jni_exit(oop obj, Thread* THREAD) {
  TEVENT (jni_exit) ;
  if (UseBiasedLocking) {
    Handle h_obj(THREAD, obj);
    BiasedLocking::revoke_and_rebias(h_obj, false, THREAD);
    obj = h_obj();
  }
  assert(!obj->mark()->has_bias_pattern(), "biases should be revoked by now");
  ObjectMonitor* monitor = ObjectSynchronizer::inflate(THREAD, obj);
  // If this thread has locked the object, exit the monitor.  Note:  can't use
  // monitor->check(CHECK); must exit even if an exception is pending.
  if (monitor->check(THREAD)) {
     monitor->exit(true, THREAD);
  }
}

Below are few reasons for HotSpot JVM to initiate a safepoint:
Garbage collection pauses
Code deoptimization
Flushing code cache
Class redefinition (e.g. hot swap or instrumentation)
Biased lock revocation
Various debug operation (e.g. deadlock check or stacktrace dump)