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从实现一个 React 到深度理解 React 框架核心原理

  • 2023-02-27
    浙江
  • 本文字数:17873 字

    阅读完需:约 59 分钟

前言

这篇文章循序渐进地介绍实现以下几个概念,遵循本篇文章基本就能搞懂为啥需要 fiber,为啥需要 commit 和 phases、reconciliation 阶段等原理。本篇文章又不完全和原文一致,这里会加入我自己的一些思考,比如经过performUnitOfWork处理后 fiber tree 和 element tree 的联系等。


  • createElement 函数

  • render 函数

  • Concurrent Mode

  • Fibers

  • Render and Commit Phases

  • Reconciliation

  • Function Components

  • Hooks

第一章 基本概念

以下面代码为例


// 1.jsx语法不是合法的js语法// const element = <h1 title="foo">Hello</h1>// 2.经babel等编译工具将jsx转换成js,将jsx转换成createElement函数调用的方式// const element = React.createElement(//   "h1",//   { title: "foo" },//   "Hello"// )// 3.React.createElement返回的最终对象大致如下:const element = {  type: "h1",  props: {    title: "foo",    children: "Hello",  },}const container = document.getElementById("root")// ReactDOM.render(element, container)// 4.替换ReactDOM.render函数的逻辑,ReactDOM.render大致处理逻辑:const node = document.createElement(element.type)node['title'] = element.props.titleconst text = document.createTextNode("")text["nodeValue"] = element.props.childrennode.appendChild(text)container.appendChild(node)
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为了避免歧义,这里使用 element 表示 React elementsnode 表示真实的 DOM 元素节点。


至此,这段代码无需经过任何编译已经能够在浏览器上跑起来了,不信你可以复制到浏览器控制台试试


这里有几点需要注意:


  • 先通过node.appendChild(text)将子元素添加到父元素,然后再通过container.appendChild(node)将父元素添加到容器container中触发浏览器渲染页面。这个顺序不能反过来,也就是说只有整个真实 dom 树构建完成才能添加到容器中。假设这个顺序反过来,比如先执行container.appendChild(node),则触发浏览器回流。再执行node.appendChild(text)又触发浏览器回流。性能极差

  • React.createElement返回的最终的对象就是virtual dom树,ReactDOM.render根据这个virtual dom创建真实的 dom 树

第二章 createElement 函数

以下面的代码为例


React.createElement接收的 children 有可能是原子值,比如字符串或者数字等,React.createElement('h1', {title: 'foo'}, 'Hello')。为了简化我们的代码,创建一个特殊的TEXT_ELEMENT 类型将其转换成对象


React.createElement = (type, props, ...children) => {  return {    type,    props: {      ...props,      children: children.map(child => {        if(typeof child === 'object'){          return child        }        return {          type: 'TEXT_ELEMENT',          props: {            nodeValue: child,            children: [],          }        }      })    }  }}// const element = (//   <div id="foo">//     <a>bar</a>//     <b />//   </div>// )// 将jsx转换成js语法const element = React.createElement(  "div",  { id: "foo" },  React.createElement("a", null, "bar"),  React.createElement("b"))const container = document.getElementById("root")ReactDOM.render(element, container)
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好了,现在我们已经实现了一个简单的createElement函数,我们可以通过一段特殊的注释来告诉 babel 在将 jsx 转换成 js 时使用我们自己的createElement函数:


const MiniReact = {  createElement:  (type, props, ...children) => {    return {      type,      props: {        ...props,        children: children.map(child => {          if(typeof child === 'object'){            return child          }          return {            type: 'TEXT_ELEMENT',            props: {              nodeValue: child,              children: [],            }          }        })      }    }  }}/** @jsx MiniReact.createElement */const element = (  <div id="foo">    <a>bar</a>    <b />  </div>)console.log('element======', element)const container = document.getElementById("root")ReactDOM.render(element, container)
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第三章 render 函数

import React from 'react';
function render(element, container) { const dom = element.type === 'TEXT_ELEMENT' ? document.createTextNode("") : document.createElement(element.type)
const isProperty = key => key !== 'children' Object.keys(element.props) .filter(isProperty) .forEach(name => { dom[name] = element.props[name] })
element.props.children.forEach(child => { render(child, dom) });
container.appendChild(dom)}const MiniReact = { createElement: (type, props, ...children) => { return { type, props: { ...props, children: children.map(child => { if(typeof child === 'object'){ return child } return { type: 'TEXT_ELEMENT', props: { nodeValue: child, children: [], } } }) } } }, render}/** @jsx MiniReact.createElement */const element = ( <div id="foo"> <a>bar</a> <b /> </div>)console.log('element======', element)const container = document.getElementById("root")MiniReact.render(element, container)
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render函数递归创建真实的 dom 元素,然后将各个元素 append 到其父元素中,最后整个 dom 树 append 到 root container 中,渲染完成,这个过程一旦开始,中间是无法打断的,直到整个应用渲染完成。这也是React16版本以前的渲染过程


注意,只有当整个 dom 树 append 到 root container 中时,页面才会显示

第四章 Concurrent Mode

在第三章中可以看到,当前版本的render函数是递归构建 dom 树,最后才 append 到 root container,最终页面才渲染出来。这里有个问题,如果 dom 节点数量庞大,递归层级过深,这个过程其实是很耗时的,导致render函数长时间占用主线程,浏览器无法响应用户输入等事件,造成卡顿的现象。


因此我们需要将render过程拆分成小的任务单元,每执行完一个单元,都允许浏览器打断render过程并执行高优先级的任务,等浏览器得空再继续执行render过程


如果对requestIdleCallback不熟悉的,可以自行了解一下。真实 React 代码中并没有使用这个 api,因为有兼容性问题。因此 React 使用scheduler package模拟这个调度过程


参考 前端进阶面试题详细解答


let nextUnitOfWork = nullfunction workLoop(deadline) {  let shouldYield = false  while (nextUnitOfWork && !shouldYield) {    nextUnitOfWork = performUnitOfWork(      nextUnitOfWork    )    shouldYield = deadline.timeRemaining() < 1  }  requestIdleCallback(workLoop)}
requestIdleCallback(workLoop)
function performUnitOfWork(nextUnitOfWork) { // TODO}
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performUnitOfWork接收当前工作单元,并返回下一个工作单元。工作单元可以理解为就是一个 fiber 对象节点


workLoop循环里会循环调用performUnitOfWork,直到所有工作单元都已经处理完毕,或者当前帧浏览器已经没有空闲时间,则循环终止。等下次浏览器空闲时间再接着继续执行


因此我们需要一种数据结构,能够支持任务打断并且可以接着继续执行,很显然,链表就非常适合

第五章 Fibers

Fibers 就是一种数据结构,支持将渲染过程拆分成工作单元,本质上就是一个双向链表。这种数据结构的好处就是方便找到下一个工作单元


Fiber 包含三层含义:


  • 作为架构来说,之前React 15Reconciler采用递归的方式执行,数据保存在递归调用栈中,所以被称为stack ReconcilerReact 16Reconciler基于Fiber节点实现,被称为Fiber Reconciler

  • 作为静态的数据结构来说,每个Fiber节点对应一个React Element,保存了该组件的类型(函数组件/类组件/html 标签)、对应的 DOM 节点信息等

  • 作为动态的工作单元来说,每个Fiber节点保存了本次更新中该组件改变的状态、要执行的工作等


Fiber 的几点冷知识:


  • 一个 Fiber 节点对应一个 React Element 节点,同时也是一个工作单元

  • 每个 fiber 节点都有指向第一个子元素,下一个兄弟元素,父元素的指针**


以下面代码为例:


MiniReact.render(  <div>    <h1>      <p />      <a />    </h1>    <h2 />  </div>,  container)
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对应的 fiber tree 如下:


import React from 'react';// 根据fiber节点创建真实的dom节点function createDom(fiber) {  const dom = fiber.type === 'TEXT_ELEMENT' ? document.createTextNode("") : document.createElement(fiber.type)
const isProperty = key => key !== 'children' Object.keys(fiber.props) .filter(isProperty) .forEach(name => { dom[name] = fiber.props[name] })
return dom}
let nextUnitOfWork = null// render函数主要逻辑:// 根据root container容器创建root fiber// 将nextUnitOfWork指针指向root fiber// element是react element treefunction render(element, container){ nextUnitOfWork = { dom: container, props: { children: [element], // 此时的element还只是React.createElement函数创建的virtual dom树 }, }}
function workLoop(deadline) { let shouldYield = false while (nextUnitOfWork && !shouldYield) { nextUnitOfWork = performUnitOfWork(nextUnitOfWork) shouldYield = deadline.timeRemaining() < 1 } requestIdleCallback(workLoop)}
requestIdleCallback(workLoop)
// performUnitOfWork函数主要逻辑:// 将element元素添加到DOM// 给element的子元素创建对应的fiber节点// 返回下一个工作单元,即下一个fiber节点,查找过程:// 1.如果有子元素,则返回子元素的fiber节点// 2.如果没有子元素,则返回兄弟元素的fiber节点// 3.如果既没有子元素又没有兄弟元素,则往上查找其父节点的兄弟元素的fiber节点// 4.如果往上查找到root fiber节点,说明render过程已经结束function performUnitOfWork(fiber) { // 第一步 根据fiber节点创建真实的dom节点,并保存在fiber.dom属性中 if(!fiber.dom){ fiber.dom = createDom(fiber) }
// 第二步 将当前fiber节点的真实dom添加到父节点中,注意,这一步是会触发浏览器回流重绘的!!! if(fiber.parent){ fiber.parent.dom.appendChild(fiber.dom) } // 第三步 给子元素创建对应的fiber节点 const children = fiber.props.children let prevSibling children.forEach((child, index) => { const newFiber = { type: child.type, props: child.props, parent: fiber, dom: null } if(index === 0){ fiber.child = newFiber } else { prevSibling.sibling = newFiber } prevSibling = newFiber })
// 第四步,查找下一个工作单元 if(fiber.child){ return fiber.child } let nextFiber = fiber while(nextFiber){ if(nextFiber.sibling){ return nextFiber.sibling } nextFiber = nextFiber.parent }
}const MiniReact = { createElement: (type, props, ...children) => { return { type, props: { ...props, children: children.map(child => { if(typeof child === 'object'){ return child } return { type: 'TEXT_ELEMENT', props: { nodeValue: child, children: [], } } }) } } }, render}/** @jsx MiniReact.createElement */const element = ( <div> <h1> <p /> <a /> </h1> <h2 /> </div>)// const element = (// <div id="foo">// <a>bar</a>// <b />// </div>// )
console.log('element======', element)const container = document.getElementById("root")MiniReact.render(element, container)
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这里有一点值得细品,React.createElement返回的element treeperformUnitOfWork创建的fiber tree有什么联系。如下图所示:


  • React Element Tree是由React.createElement方法创建的树形结构对象

  • Fiber Tree是根据React Element Tree创建来的树。每个 Fiber 节点保存着真实的 DOM 节点,并且保存着对React Element Tree中对应的Element节点的应用。注意,Element节点并不会保存对Fiber节点的应用

第六章 Render and Commit Phases

第五章的performUnitOfWork有些问题,在第二步中我们直接将新创建的真实 dom 节点挂载到了容器上,这样会带来两个问题:


  • 每次执行performUnitOfWork都会造成浏览器回流重绘,因为真实的 dom 已经被添加到浏览器上了,性能极差

  • 浏览器是可以打断渲染过程的,因此可能会造成用户看到不完整的 UI 界面


我们需要改造一下我们的代码,在performUnitOfWork阶段不把真实的 dom 节点挂载到容器上。保存 fiber tree 根节点的引用。等到 fiber tree 构建完成,再一次性提交真实的 dom 节点并且添加到容器上。


import React from 'react';function createDom(fiber) {  const dom = fiber.type === 'TEXT_ELEMENT' ? document.createTextNode("") : document.createElement(fiber.type)
const isProperty = key => key !== 'children' Object.keys(fiber.props) .filter(isProperty) .forEach(name => { dom[name] = fiber.props[name] })
return dom}
let nextUnitOfWork = nulllet wipRoot = nullfunction render(element, container){ wipRoot = { dom: container, props: { children: [element], // 此时的element还只是React.createElement函数创建的virtual dom树 }, } nextUnitOfWork = wipRoot}function commitRoot(){ commitWork(wipRoot.child) wipRoot = null}function commitWork(fiber){ if(!fiber){ return } const domParent = fiber.parent.dom; domParent.appendChild(fiber.dom) commitWork(fiber.child) commitWork(fiber.sibling)}
function workLoop(deadline) { let shouldYield = false while (nextUnitOfWork && !shouldYield) { nextUnitOfWork = performUnitOfWork(nextUnitOfWork) shouldYield = deadline.timeRemaining() < 1 } if(!nextUnitOfWork && wipRoot){ commitRoot() } requestIdleCallback(workLoop)}
requestIdleCallback(workLoop)
function performUnitOfWork(fiber) { // 第一步 根据fiber节点创建真实的dom节点,并保存在fiber.dom属性中 if(!fiber.dom){ fiber.dom = createDom(fiber) }
// 第二步 将当前fiber节点的真实dom添加到父节点中,注意,这一步是会触发浏览器回流重绘的!!! // if(fiber.parent){ // fiber.parent.dom.appendChild(fiber.dom) // } // 第三步 给子元素创建对应的fiber节点 const children = fiber.props.children let prevSibling children.forEach((child, index) => { const newFiber = { type: child.type, props: child.props, parent: fiber, dom: null } if(index === 0){ fiber.child = newFiber } else { prevSibling.sibling = newFiber } prevSibling = newFiber })
// 第四步,查找下一个工作单元 if(fiber.child){ return fiber.child } let nextFiber = fiber while(nextFiber){ if(nextFiber.sibling){ return nextFiber.sibling } nextFiber = nextFiber.parent }
}const MiniReact = { createElement: (type, props, ...children) => { return { type, props: { ...props, children: children.map(child => { if(typeof child === 'object'){ return child } return { type: 'TEXT_ELEMENT', props: { nodeValue: child, children: [], } } }) } } }, render}/** @jsx MiniReact.createElement */const element = ( <div> <h1> <p /> <a /> </h1> <h2 /> </div>)// const element = (// <div id="foo">// <a>bar</a>// <b />// </div>// )
console.log('element======', element)const container = document.getElementById("root")MiniReact.render(element, container)
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第七章 Reconciliation

目前为止,我们只考虑添加 dom 节点到容器上这一单一场景,更新删除还没实现。


我们需要对比最新的React Element Tree和最近一次的Fiber Tree的差异


我们需要给每个 fiber 节点添加一个 alternate 属性来保存旧的 fiber 节点


alternate 保存的旧的 fiber 节点主要有以下几个用途:


  • 复用旧 fiber 节点上的真实 dom 节点

  • 旧 fiber 节点上的 props 和新的 element 节点的 props 对比

  • 旧 fiber 节点上保存有更新的队列,在创建新的 fiber 节点时执行这些队列以获取最新的页面


  const children = fiber.props.children  reconcileChildren(fiber, children)  function reconcileChildren(wipFiber, elements) {    let index = 0    let oldFiber = wipFiber.alternate && wipFiber.alternate.child    let prevSibling = null
while (index < elements.length || oldFiber != null) { const element = elements[index] let newFiber = null
const sameType = oldFiber && element && element.type == oldFiber.type
if (sameType) { newFiber = { type: oldFiber.type, props: element.props, dom: oldFiber.dom, parent: wipFiber, alternate: oldFiber, effectTag: "UPDATE", } } if (element && !sameType) { newFiber = { type: element.type, props: element.props, dom: null, parent: wipFiber, alternate: null, effectTag: "PLACEMENT", } } if (oldFiber && !sameType) { oldFiber.effectTag = "DELETION" deletions.push(oldFiber) }
if (oldFiber) { oldFiber = oldFiber.sibling }
if (index === 0) { wipFiber.child = newFiber } else if (element) { prevSibling.sibling = newFiber }
prevSibling = newFiber index++ }}
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如上代码所示:


协调过程:


  • 本质上依然是根据新的React Element Tree创建新的Fiber Tree,不过为了节省内存开销,协调过程会判断新的 fiber 节点能否复用旧的 fiber 节点上的真实 dom 元素,如果能复用,就不需要再从头到尾全部重新创建一遍真实的 dom 元素。同时每个新 fiber 节点上还会保存着对旧 fiber 节点的引用,方便在 commit 阶段做新旧属性 props 的对比。

  • 如果old fiber.typenew element.type相同,则保留旧的 dom 节点,只更新 props 属性

  • 如果type不相同并且有new element,则创建一个新的真实 dom 节点

  • 如果type不同并且有old fiber节点,则删除该节点对应的真实 dom 节点

  • 删除节点需要有个专门的数组收集需要删除的旧的 fiber 节点。由于新的 element tree 创建出来的新的 fiber tree 不存在对应的 dom,因此需要收集旧的 fiber 节点,并在 commit 阶段删除


注意,协调过程,还是以最新的 React Element Tree 为主去创建一个新的 fiber tree,只不过是新的 fiber 节点复用旧的 fiber 节点的真实 dom 元素,毕竟频繁创建真实 dom 是很消耗内存的。新的 fiber 节点还是会保存着对旧的 fiber 节点的引用,方便在 commit 阶段进行新属性和旧属性的比较。这里会有个问题,如果新 fiber 节点保留旧 fiber 节点的引用,那么随着更新次数越来越多,旧的 fiber tree 是不是也会越来越多,如何销毁?


import React from 'react';function createDom(fiber) {  const dom = fiber.type === 'TEXT_ELEMENT' ? document.createTextNode("") : document.createElement(fiber.type)
updateDom(dom, {}, fiber.props)

return dom}
let nextUnitOfWork = nulllet wipRoot = null // 保存着对root fiber的引用let currentRoot = null // 保存着当前页面对应的fiber treelet deletions = nullfunction render(element, container){ wipRoot = { dom: container, props: { children: [element], // 此时的element还只是React.createElement函数创建的virtual dom树 }, alternate: currentRoot, } deletions = [] nextUnitOfWork = wipRoot}function commitRoot(){ deletions.forEach(commitWork) commitWork(wipRoot.child) currentRoot = wipRoot wipRoot = null}
const isEvent = key => key.startsWith("on")const isProperty = key => key !== "children" && !isEvent(key)const isNew = (prev, next) => key => prev[key] !== next[key]const isGone = (prev, next) => key => !(key in next)function updateDom(dom, prevProps, nextProps) { //Remove old or changed event listeners Object.keys(prevProps) .filter(isEvent) .filter( key => !(key in nextProps) || isNew(prevProps, nextProps)(key) ) .forEach(name => { const eventType = name .toLowerCase() .substring(2) dom.removeEventListener( eventType, prevProps[name] ) })
// Remove old properties Object.keys(prevProps) .filter(isProperty) .filter(isGone(prevProps, nextProps)) .forEach(name => { dom[name] = "" })
// Set new or changed properties Object.keys(nextProps) .filter(isProperty) .filter(isNew(prevProps, nextProps)) .forEach(name => { dom[name] = nextProps[name] })
// Add event listeners Object.keys(nextProps) .filter(isEvent) .filter(isNew(prevProps, nextProps)) .forEach(name => { const eventType = name .toLowerCase() .substring(2) dom.addEventListener( eventType, nextProps[name] ) })}function commitWork(fiber){ if(!fiber){ return } const domParent = fiber.parent.dom; if (fiber.effectTag === "PLACEMENT" && fiber.dom != null) { domParent.appendChild(fiber.dom) } else if (fiber.effectTag === "UPDATE" && fiber.dom != null) { updateDom( fiber.dom, fiber.alternate.props, fiber.props ) } else if (fiber.effectTag === "DELETION") { domParent.removeChild(fiber.dom) } commitWork(fiber.child) commitWork(fiber.sibling)}
function workLoop(deadline) { let shouldYield = false while (nextUnitOfWork && !shouldYield) { nextUnitOfWork = performUnitOfWork(nextUnitOfWork) shouldYield = deadline.timeRemaining() < 1 } if(!nextUnitOfWork && wipRoot){ commitRoot() } requestIdleCallback(workLoop)}
requestIdleCallback(workLoop)function reconcileChildren(wipFiber, elements) { let index = 0 let oldFiber = wipFiber.alternate && wipFiber.alternate.child let prevSibling = null
while (index < elements.length || oldFiber != null) { const element = elements[index] let newFiber = null
const sameType = oldFiber && element && element.type == oldFiber.type
if (sameType) { newFiber = { type: oldFiber.type, props: element.props, dom: oldFiber.dom, parent: wipFiber, alternate: oldFiber, effectTag: "UPDATE", } } if (element && !sameType) { newFiber = { type: element.type, props: element.props, dom: null, parent: wipFiber, alternate: null, effectTag: "PLACEMENT", } } if (oldFiber && !sameType) { oldFiber.effectTag = "DELETION" deletions.push(oldFiber) }
if (oldFiber) { oldFiber = oldFiber.sibling }
if (index === 0) { wipFiber.child = newFiber } else if (element) { prevSibling.sibling = newFiber }
prevSibling = newFiber index++ }}function performUnitOfWork(fiber) { // 第一步 根据fiber节点创建真实的dom节点,并保存在fiber.dom属性中 if(!fiber.dom){ fiber.dom = createDom(fiber) }
// 第二步 将当前fiber节点的真实dom添加到父节点中,注意,这一步是会触发浏览器回流重绘的!!! // if(fiber.parent){ // fiber.parent.dom.appendChild(fiber.dom) // } // 第三步 给子元素创建对应的fiber节点 const children = fiber.props.children // let prevSibling // children.forEach((child, index) => { // const newFiber = { // type: child.type, // props: child.props, // parent: fiber, // dom: null // } // if(index === 0){ // fiber.child = newFiber // } else { // prevSibling.sibling = newFiber // } // prevSibling = newFiber // }) reconcileChildren(fiber, children)
// 第四步,查找下一个工作单元 if(fiber.child){ return fiber.child } let nextFiber = fiber while(nextFiber){ if(nextFiber.sibling){ return nextFiber.sibling } nextFiber = nextFiber.parent }
}const MiniReact = { createElement: (type, props, ...children) => { return { type, props: { ...props, children: children.map(child => { if(typeof child === 'object'){ return child } return { type: 'TEXT_ELEMENT', props: { nodeValue: child, children: [], } } }) } } }, render}/** @jsx MiniReact.createElement */const container = document.getElementById("root")
const updateValue = e => { rerender(e.target.value)}
const rerender = value => { const element = ( <div> <input onInput={updateValue} value={value} /> <h2>Hello {value}</h2> </div> ) MiniReact.render(element, container)}
rerender("World")
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第八章 Function Components

本章以下面的代码为例:


/** @jsx MiniReact.createElement */const container = document.getElementById("root")function App(props){  return <h1>Hi { props.name }</h1>}const element = <App name="foo" />MiniReact.render(element, container)
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jsx 经过 babel 编译后:


function App(props) {  return MiniReact.createElement("h1", null, "Hi ", props.name);}const element = MiniReact.createElement(App, {  name: "foo"});
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函数组件有两点不同的地方:


  • 函数组件对应的 fiber 节点没有对应的真实 dom 元素

  • 需要执行函数才能获取对应的 children 节点,而不是直接从props.children获取


由于函数组件没有对应的 fiber 节点,因此在 commit 阶段在找父 fiber 节点对应的 dom 时,需要判断是否存在该 dom 元素


本章完整代码:


import React from 'react';function createDom(fiber) {  const dom = fiber.type === 'TEXT_ELEMENT' ? document.createTextNode("") : document.createElement(fiber.type)
updateDom(dom, {}, fiber.props)

return dom}
let nextUnitOfWork = nulllet wipRoot = null // 保存着对root fiber的引用let currentRoot = null // 保存着当前页面对应的fiber treelet deletions = nullfunction render(element, container){ wipRoot = { dom: container, props: { children: [element], // 此时的element还只是React.createElement函数创建的virtual dom树 }, alternate: currentRoot, } deletions = [] nextUnitOfWork = wipRoot}function commitRoot(){ deletions.forEach(commitWork) commitWork(wipRoot.child) currentRoot = wipRoot wipRoot = null}
const isEvent = key => key.startsWith("on")const isProperty = key => key !== "children" && !isEvent(key)const isNew = (prev, next) => key => prev[key] !== next[key]const isGone = (prev, next) => key => !(key in next)function updateDom(dom, prevProps, nextProps) { //Remove old or changed event listeners Object.keys(prevProps) .filter(isEvent) .filter( key => !(key in nextProps) || isNew(prevProps, nextProps)(key) ) .forEach(name => { const eventType = name .toLowerCase() .substring(2) dom.removeEventListener( eventType, prevProps[name] ) })
// Remove old properties Object.keys(prevProps) .filter(isProperty) .filter(isGone(prevProps, nextProps)) .forEach(name => { dom[name] = "" })
// Set new or changed properties Object.keys(nextProps) .filter(isProperty) .filter(isNew(prevProps, nextProps)) .forEach(name => { dom[name] = nextProps[name] })
// Add event listeners Object.keys(nextProps) .filter(isEvent) .filter(isNew(prevProps, nextProps)) .forEach(name => { const eventType = name .toLowerCase() .substring(2) dom.addEventListener( eventType, nextProps[name] ) })}function commitWork(fiber){ if(!fiber){ return } let domParentFiber = fiber.parent while(!domParentFiber.dom){ domParentFiber = domParentFiber.parent } const domParent = domParentFiber.dom; if (fiber.effectTag === "PLACEMENT" && fiber.dom != null) { domParent.appendChild(fiber.dom) } else if (fiber.effectTag === "UPDATE" && fiber.dom != null) { updateDom(fiber.dom, fiber.alternate.props, fiber.props) } else if (fiber.effectTag === "DELETION") { // domParent.removeChild(fiber.dom) commitDeletion(fiber, domParent) } commitWork(fiber.child) commitWork(fiber.sibling)}
function commitDeletion(fiber, domParent){ if(fiber.dom){ domParent.removeChild(fiber.dom) } else { commitDeletion(fiber.child, domParent) }}function workLoop(deadline) { let shouldYield = false while (nextUnitOfWork && !shouldYield) { nextUnitOfWork = performUnitOfWork(nextUnitOfWork) shouldYield = deadline.timeRemaining() < 1 } if(!nextUnitOfWork && wipRoot){ commitRoot() } requestIdleCallback(workLoop)}
requestIdleCallback(workLoop)function reconcileChildren(wipFiber, elements) { let index = 0 let oldFiber = wipFiber.alternate && wipFiber.alternate.child let prevSibling = null
while (index < elements.length || oldFiber != null) { const element = elements[index] let newFiber = null
const sameType = oldFiber && element && element.type == oldFiber.type
if (sameType) { newFiber = { type: oldFiber.type, props: element.props, dom: oldFiber.dom, parent: wipFiber, alternate: oldFiber, effectTag: "UPDATE", } } if (element && !sameType) { newFiber = { type: element.type, props: element.props, dom: null, parent: wipFiber, alternate: null, effectTag: "PLACEMENT", } } if (oldFiber && !sameType) { oldFiber.effectTag = "DELETION" deletions.push(oldFiber) }
if (oldFiber) { oldFiber = oldFiber.sibling }
if (index === 0) { wipFiber.child = newFiber } else if (element) { prevSibling.sibling = newFiber }
prevSibling = newFiber index++ }}
function performUnitOfWork(fiber) { // 1.函数组件对应的fiber节点没有真实dom元素 // 2.函数组件需要运行函数获取children const isFunctionComponent = fiber.type instanceof Function if(!isFunctionComponent && !fiber.dom){ fiber.dom = createDom(fiber) } const children = isFunctionComponent ? [fiber.type(fiber.props)] : fiber.props.children
// 第二步 为每一个新的react element节点创建对应的fiber节点,并判断旧的fiber节点上的真实dom元素是否可以复用。 // 节省创建真实dom元素的开销 reconcileChildren(fiber, children)
// 第三步,查找下一个工作单元 if(fiber.child){ return fiber.child } let nextFiber = fiber while(nextFiber){ if(nextFiber.sibling){ return nextFiber.sibling } nextFiber = nextFiber.parent }
}
const MiniReact = { createElement: (type, props, ...children) => { return { type, props: { ...props, children: children.map(child => { if(typeof child === 'object'){ return child } return { type: 'TEXT_ELEMENT', props: { nodeValue: child, children: [], } } }) } } }, render}/** @jsx MiniReact.createElement */const container = document.getElementById("root")
function App(props){ return <h1>Hi { props.name }</h1>}
const element = <App name="foo" />MiniReact.render(element, container)
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第九章 Hooks

本章完整代码


import React from 'react';function createDom(fiber) {  const dom = fiber.type === 'TEXT_ELEMENT' ? document.createTextNode("") : document.createElement(fiber.type)  updateDom(dom, {}, fiber.props)  return dom}
let nextUnitOfWork = nulllet wipRoot = null // 保存着对root fiber的引用let currentRoot = null // 保存着当前页面对应的fiber treelet deletions = nullfunction render(element, container){ wipRoot = { dom: container, props: { children: [element], // 此时的element还只是React.createElement函数创建的virtual dom树 }, alternate: currentRoot, } deletions = [] nextUnitOfWork = wipRoot}function commitRoot(){ deletions.forEach(commitWork) commitWork(wipRoot.child) currentRoot = wipRoot wipRoot = null}
const isEvent = key => key.startsWith("on")const isProperty = key => key !== "children" && !isEvent(key)const isNew = (prev, next) => key => prev[key] !== next[key]const isGone = (prev, next) => key => !(key in next)function updateDom(dom, prevProps, nextProps) { //Remove old or changed event listeners Object.keys(prevProps) .filter(isEvent) .filter( key => !(key in nextProps) || isNew(prevProps, nextProps)(key) ) .forEach(name => { const eventType = name .toLowerCase() .substring(2) dom.removeEventListener( eventType, prevProps[name] ) })
// Remove old properties Object.keys(prevProps) .filter(isProperty) .filter(isGone(prevProps, nextProps)) .forEach(name => { dom[name] = "" })
// Set new or changed properties Object.keys(nextProps) .filter(isProperty) .filter(isNew(prevProps, nextProps)) .forEach(name => { dom[name] = nextProps[name] })
// Add event listeners Object.keys(nextProps) .filter(isEvent) .filter(isNew(prevProps, nextProps)) .forEach(name => { const eventType = name .toLowerCase() .substring(2) dom.addEventListener( eventType, nextProps[name] ) })}function commitWork(fiber){ if(!fiber){ return } let domParentFiber = fiber.parent while(!domParentFiber.dom){ domParentFiber = domParentFiber.parent } const domParent = domParentFiber.dom; if (fiber.effectTag === "PLACEMENT" && fiber.dom != null) { domParent.appendChild(fiber.dom) } else if (fiber.effectTag === "UPDATE" && fiber.dom != null) { updateDom(fiber.dom, fiber.alternate.props, fiber.props) } else if (fiber.effectTag === "DELETION") { // domParent.removeChild(fiber.dom) commitDeletion(fiber, domParent) } commitWork(fiber.child) commitWork(fiber.sibling)}
function commitDeletion(fiber, domParent){ if(fiber.dom){ domParent.removeChild(fiber.dom) } else { commitDeletion(fiber.child, domParent) }}function workLoop(deadline) { let shouldYield = false while (nextUnitOfWork && !shouldYield) { nextUnitOfWork = performUnitOfWork(nextUnitOfWork) shouldYield = deadline.timeRemaining() < 1 } if(!nextUnitOfWork && wipRoot){ commitRoot() } requestIdleCallback(workLoop)}
requestIdleCallback(workLoop)function reconcileChildren(wipFiber, elements) { let index = 0 let oldFiber = wipFiber.alternate && wipFiber.alternate.child let prevSibling = null
while (index < elements.length || oldFiber != null) { const element = elements[index] let newFiber = null
const sameType = oldFiber && element && element.type == oldFiber.type
if (sameType) { newFiber = { type: oldFiber.type, props: element.props, dom: oldFiber.dom, parent: wipFiber, alternate: oldFiber, effectTag: "UPDATE", } } if (element && !sameType) { newFiber = { type: element.type, props: element.props, dom: null, parent: wipFiber, alternate: null, effectTag: "PLACEMENT", } } if (oldFiber && !sameType) { oldFiber.effectTag = "DELETION" deletions.push(oldFiber) }
if (oldFiber) { oldFiber = oldFiber.sibling }
if (index === 0) { wipFiber.child = newFiber } else if (element) { prevSibling.sibling = newFiber }
prevSibling = newFiber index++ }}
function performUnitOfWork(fiber) { // 1.函数组件对应的fiber节点没有真实dom元素 // 2.函数组件需要运行函数获取children const isFunctionComponent = fiber.type instanceof Function if(!isFunctionComponent && !fiber.dom){ fiber.dom = createDom(fiber) } const children = isFunctionComponent ? updateFunctionComponent(fiber) : fiber.props.children
// 第二步 为每一个新的react element节点创建对应的fiber节点,并判断旧的fiber节点上的真实dom元素是否可以复用。 // 节省创建真实dom元素的开销 reconcileChildren(fiber, children)
// 第三步,查找下一个工作单元 if(fiber.child){ return fiber.child } let nextFiber = fiber while(nextFiber){ if(nextFiber.sibling){ return nextFiber.sibling } nextFiber = nextFiber.parent }
}let wipFiber = nulllet hookIndex = nullfunction updateFunctionComponent(fiber){ wipFiber = fiber hookIndex = 0 wipFiber.hooks = [] return [fiber.type(fiber.props)]}function useState(initial){ const oldHook = wipFiber.alternate && wipFiber.alternate.hooks && wipFiber.alternate.hooks[hookIndex] const hook = { state: oldHook ? oldHook.state : initial, queue: [], } const actions = oldHook ? oldHook.queue : [] actions.forEach(action => { hook.state = action(hook.state) }) const setState = action => { hook.queue.push(action) wipRoot = { dom: currentRoot.dom, props: currentRoot.props, alternate: currentRoot, } nextUnitOfWork = wipRoot deletions = [] } wipFiber.hooks.push(hook) hookIndex++ return [hook.state, setState]}const MiniReact = { createElement: (type, props, ...children) => { return { type, props: { ...props, children: children.map(child => { if(typeof child === 'object'){ return child } return { type: 'TEXT_ELEMENT', props: { nodeValue: child, children: [], } } }) } } }, render, useState,}/** @jsx MiniReact.createElement */const container = document.getElementById("root")
function Counter(){ const [state, setState] = MiniReact.useState(1) return ( <h1 onClick={() => setState(c => c + 1)}> Count: { state } </h1> )}
const element = <Counter />MiniReact.render(element, container)
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